Document Type : Agricultural Entomology
Authors
Abstract
Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is one of the most important pests of tomato which rapidly spread into most areas of Iran after its entrance to the country. Biology of the pest was studied and its population growth parameters were calculated at a tomato field condition in Khosrowshah region, East Azarbaijan province of Iran in 2014. Leaf cages were installed on Super Strain B tomato variety and 55 eggs were placed separately. Eggs were observed daily for hatching. Larvae and pupae mortality and development were also recorded daily. After adult emergence, number of eggs laid by adult females was recorded per day till they died. Survival rate of T. absoluta from egg to adult was 74.54% with sex ratio of 60.97 percent. The most mortality (25.46%) occurred at the egg stage. The average duration of hatching eggs, and larvae and pupae developmental periods were 4.37 ± 0.08, 10.78 ± 0.07 and 7 ± 0.06 days, respectively. The tomato leaf miner completed a generation (from egg to producing the first egg) on tomato during 23.08 ± 0.06 days. The data was analyzed according to the age-stage, two-sex life table. The intrinsic rate of increase was 0.141 ± 0.005 day-1, finite rate of increase was 1.15 ± 0.006 day-1 and net reproductive rate was 43.72 ± 6.63 offsprings/generation.
Keywords
ALLACHE, F., BOUTA, Y. and DEMNATI, F. 2015. Population development of the tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in greenhouse tomato in Biskra, Algeria. Journal of Crop Protection, 4 (4): 509-517.
ANONYMOUS, 2015. Agricultural statistics, Vol. 1. Crop production during 2012-2013 in Iran. Ministry of Agricuture Jihad, Department of Planning and Economy, Center for Information and Communication Technology, 156 pp. (in Persian).
BANIAMERI, V. and CHERAGHIAN, A. 2011. The current status of Tuta absoluta in Iran and initial control strategies. EPPO/IOBC/FAO/NEPPO Joint International Symposium on management of Tuta absoluta (tomato borer, Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in collaboration with the IRAC and IBMA, pp. 20-23. 16-18 November 2011, Agadir, Morocco.
BARRIENTOS, R., NORERO, J. A. A. and ESTAY, P. 1998 a. Temperatura base y constante termica de desarrollo de la polilla del tomate, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Ciencia Investigacion Agraria.,25 (3): 133-137.
BARRIENTOS, Z. R., APABLAZA, H. J., NORERO, S. A. andESTAY, P. P. 1998 b. Threshold temperature and thermal constant for development of the South American tomato moth, Tuta. absoluta(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Ciencia Investigacion Agraria,25: 133-137.
CHERAGHIAN, A. 2011. Guidelines for monitoring, identification and control of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Plant Protection Organization of Iran, Ministry of Agricuture Jihad, 8 pp. (in Persian with English summary).
CHI, H. 1988. Life table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environmental Entomology, 17: 26-34.
CHI, H. 2005.TWOSEX-MSChart: computer program for age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
CHI, H. 2013. Computer program for the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
CHI, H. and LIU, H. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 24: 225-240.
CHI, H. and SU, H. Y. 2006. Age-stage. two-sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis(Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between.Environmental Entomology, 35 (1): 10-12.
CHI, H. and YANG, T. C. 2003.Two-sex life table and predation rate of Propylaea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 32: 327-333.
CUTHBERTSON, A. G. S., MATHERS, J. J., BLACKBURN, L.F., KORYCINSKA, A., LUO, W., JACOBSON, R. J. and NORTHING, P. 2013. Population development of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under simulated UK glasshouse conditions. Insects, 4: 185-197.
EPPO (EUROPEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION). 2005. EPPO datasheets on quarantine pests:Tuta absoluta. EPPO Bulletin, 35: 434-435.
ERDOGAN, P. and BABAROGLU, N.E. 2014. Life table of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gazi Osman Pasa University, 31 (2): 80-89.
FAO STAT, 2013.Production crops. http://faostat.fao.org/ site/609/default.aspx#ancor [accessed on 20 decanber 2013].
FERNANDEZ, S. and MONTAGNE, A. 1990. Biologica del minador del tomate, Scrobipalpula absoluta (Meyick). Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana, 5 (12): 89-99.
FOROUSHANI PEYMANI, A., NAFISEPOOR, J. and KHAJEH ALI, J. 2014. Biological characteristics of tomato leaf miner moth, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory condition. The 21th Iranian plant protection Congress, 23-26 August 2014, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran. (in Persian with English summary).
GARZIA, G. T., SISCARO, G., BIONDI, A. and ZAPPALÀ, L. Z. 2011. Biology, distribution and damage of Tuta absoluta, an exotic invasive pest from South America. EPPO/IOBC/FAO/NEPPO Joint International Symposium on management of Tuta absoluta (tomato borer, Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in collaboration with the IRAC and IBMA. November 16-18, 2011, Agadir, Morocco. p. 12.
GHAREKHANI, G. H. and SALEK EBRAHIMI, H. 2014. Life table parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on different varieties of tomato. Journal of Economic Entomology, 107 (5): 1765-1770.
MARDANI, M., SHOJAI, M. and RAJABI, M. Z. 2015. Life table of tomato leaf miner moth on Super H tomato variety at laboratory condition. The first Iranian International Congress of Entomology, 29-31 August 2015, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran. (in Persian with English summary).
MIRANDA, M. M. M., PICANEO, M., ZANUNCIO, J. C. and GUEDES, R. N. C. 1998. Ecological life table of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 8: 597-606.
NADERI, Z., ZAMANI, A., MOINI NAGHADEH, N., EZZATI, N. and MOINI NAGHADEH, A. 2013. Biology of miner moth, Tuta absoluta (Lep., Gelechiidae) on Falat-Karoon tomato variety under laboratory condition. The sixth Congress of Agricultural Research findings, 15-16, May, University of Kordestan, Sanandaj, Iran. (in Persian with English summary).
PEREYRA, P. C. and SANCHEZ, N. E. 2006. Effect of two solanaceous plants on developmental and population parameters of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Neotropical Entomology, 35 (5): 671-676.
PEYMANI, A., POURJAVAD, N. and KHAJEALI, J. 2014. Biological traits of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae) at laboratory condition. 21st Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23-26 August 2014, Urmia Universiyu, Urmia, Iran.
REDA, A. M. A. and HATEF, A. E. 2012. Biological and eradication parameters of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) affected by two biopesticides. Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas, 38: 321-333.
ROSTAMI, A., ABBASIPOOR, H. and ALLAHYARI, H. 2015. Life table parameters of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) on whole plants under laboratory condition. The first Iranian International Congress of Entomology, 29-31 August 2015, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran. (in Persian with English summary).
SALEK EBRAHIMI, H. 2013. Biology and resistance of different tomato varieties to leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep: Gelechiidae). M. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. (in Persian with English summary).
SALEK EBRAHIMI, H. and QAREKHANY, GH. 2014. The effect of tomato varieties and experimental generation on immature stages of the tomato leaf miner moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). J. Agric. Pest Manage., 1 (2): 52-58.
SANNINO, L. and ESPINOSA, B. 2010. Tuta absoluta. Guida alla conoscenza e recenti acquisizioni per una correta difesa. Edizioni L'informatore Agrario, Verona (IT), 113 pp.
TORREST, J. B., FARIA, C. A., EVANGELISTA, W. S. and PRATISSOLI, D. 2001.Within-plant distribution of the leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) immatures in processing tomatoes, with notes on plant phenology. International Journal of Pest Management, 47: 173-178.
VARGAS, H. 1970. Observaciones sobre la biologia enemigos naturales de las polilla del tomate, Gnorimoschema absoluta (Meyrick). Depto. Agricultura, Universidad del Norte-Arica, 1: 75-110.
)