Document Type : Pest Management
Authors
Abstract
Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most important diseases of wheat, specially in Northern provinces of Iran. Use of resistant cultivars is the most effective way for controlling the disease. In this study, 58 elite lines (ERWYT) related to Moderate, Cold and North zones and 200 advanced lines (ARWYT) (2003-2004) were evaluated for two years in Gorgan, Sari, Moghan and Varamin areas. Materials were sown in autumn 2004 and 2005. The reaction of plants was recorded twice in booting stage and two weeks after the first record. Results of two years showed that, among 58 elite lines, in Gorgan 8 lines, in Moghan 25 lines, in Varamin 30 lines and in Mazandaran 16 lines were resistant. Among 200 advanced lines, in Gorgan 31, in Moghan 55, in Varamin 109 lines and in Mazandaran 65 lines were resistant. Based on the field results, totally 39 lines were selected and tested again with five pathotypes of the fungus under controlled conditions at the seedling stage These pathotypes had been characterized already. The results showed that most of the lines were susceptible to the disease at the seedling stage. However, line ARWYT-N83-8 having SITE/ORL9127 in pedigree was resistant to four pathotypes (except isolate # 2 of Gorgan). In addition, line ARWYT-C83- 49, carrying APPOLO / HIL 81A, in its pedigree was resistant against isolate #4 of Moghan and # 5 of Varamin but susceptible to other isolates. Line ARWYT-C83-69 having APPOLO/90ZHONG87 in its pedigree was resistant to isolate #1 of Moghanand and #3 of Varamin but susceptible to other isolates. This study showed that lines having APPOLO in their pedigree were resistant to most of the pathogen pathotypes in Iran. These lines have potential to be used as commercial varieties in the region but needs further tests for other agronomical traits.
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