Document Type : Pest Management
Authors
1 MSc Student of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
3 Assistant Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran
4 Assistant Professor Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this research, the potential of Trichoderma species in biocontrol of root-knot nematode was investigated through the changes of the biochemical compounds involved in induced defense in pistachio seedlings. Trichoderma compounds, including spore suspension and crude extract, were used by soil application and foliar spraying. The results of biochemical tests revealed that the used stimulants caused the accumulation of peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and phenolic compounds of the seedlings and as a result increased their resistance against the pathogens. Biological compounds as well as Trichoderma isolates showed better performance than chemical compounds in terms of increasing the enzyme level and its durability. To measure the activity of enzymes and total phenol content, sampling was done on day 1, 4, 8, and 12 post inoculation of the nematode (dpi). The highest increase in POX was observed on the fourth and eighth dpi in the foliar and soil application methods, respectively. The amount of PPO in soil application with spore suspension and the crude extract had a greater increase on the eighth and twelfth dpi. The highest amount of PAL enzyme was observed on the fourth and eighth dpi using crude extract and spore suspension of the mixed strains with micronutrient. In treatment of biological compounds, the total phenolic content increased rapidly on the eighth and twelfth dpi.
Keywords
Main Subjects
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