Utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Mapping the Distribution of the Cotton Mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis) in Urban Green Spaces

Document Type : Agricultural Entomology

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural resources University of Khuzestan

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a highly invasive pest that poses serious threats to ornamental plants in urban green spaces. This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution pattern of P. solenopsis populations on Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) in Dezful, southwestern Iran, during 2024–2025 using geostatistical methods. A total of 30 hibiscus plants were sampled in two urban areas, and nymph and adult mealybug densities were recorded bimonthly. Geostatistical analyses including variogram modeling and kriging were applied to characterize spatial dependence and generate distribution maps. Results showed that the population of P. solenopsis exhibited an aggregated distribution with strong spatial dependence (DD = 0.70–0.99). Exponential and spherical models provided the best fit to the data, with effective ranges varying between 20 and 200 m. Kriging maps revealed distinct hotspots of infestation across the study sites. These findings highlight the efficiency of geostatistical tools for predicting pest distribution and identifying high-risk areas. The study demonstrates that integrating spatial analysis into monitoring programs can optimize sampling design, reduce costs, and improve site-specific management strategies for P. solenopsis in urban green spaces.

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Applied Entomology and Phytopathology
Volume 93, Issue 2
March 2026
Pages 1-11

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