Applied Entomology and Phytopathology

Investigating broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) populations diversity in response to herbicides and banzotiadiazol in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum)

N. NEZAMABADI; H. RAHIMIAN MASHHADI; E. Zand; H. M. ALIZADEH; M. R. NAGHAVI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 103-118

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100564

Abstract

Knowledge about population diversity of broomrape in response to herbicides can help to better management this parasite. This experiment was carried out in a factorial with randomized ... Read More

Biological and molecular characterization of two Potato virus X- isolates from Hamedan province

N. SHOKROLLAHI; R. POURRAHIM; SH. FARZADFAR; S. NAZARI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 119-130

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100565

Abstract

The main potato growing areas in Hamadan province including Bahar, Razan and Kabodar-Ahang were surveyed during 2010 and 2011 to find distribution of Potato virus X. A total of ... Read More

Pathogenic variability of Pythium aphanidermatum isolates the causal agent of sugar beet root rot in Iran

M. KAKUEI NEZHAD; S. B. MAHMOUDI; P. NOROOZI; J. SOLTANI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 131-144

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100566

Abstract

During 2007-2010, diseased samples of sugar beet were collected from fields in major sugar beet production areas of Iran in different growth stages. From 71 diseased samples, 23 isolates ... Read More

Determination the phenology and using Geographic Information System (GIS) for management winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana) in wheat fields

M. MINBASHI MOEINI; H. RAHIMIAN MASHHADI; M. A. BAGHESTANI; M. H. ALIZADEH; M. M. KHEIRKHAH; S. H. NAZER KAKHKI; A. DIEHJI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 145-160

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100567

Abstract

For managing the winter wild oat in wheat fields, four field experiments were conducted in four regions of Iran: Zanjan, Karaj, Varamin and Amol during 2006 and 2007. The predictive ... Read More

Citrus psorosis virus, Causal Agent of Ring Pattern Disorder in Thomson Navel Trees in East of Mazandaran

F. FALAKI; S. V. ALAVI; F. RAKHSHANDEHROO

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 161-172

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100568

Abstract

Citrus psorosis virus (CPV) is causal agent of one of the important citrus diseases in the world. A disorder was observed on Thomson Navel orange trees on sour orange or citrange rootstocks, ... Read More

Effect of kaolin clay on pomegranate fruits sunburn

H. FARAZMAND

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 173-184

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100569

Abstract

Sunburn of pomegranate fruits, is one of the most important agent causing losses in Iran and other pomegranate producing countries which reduce the quantity and quality of the ... Read More

Report of Psyllaephagus procerus Mercet (Hym.: Encyrtidae) as parasitoid of the Diaphorina citri (Hem.: Psyllidae) from Iran (short report)

A. Moghbeli-Gharaei; M. Ziaaddini; M. A. Jalali; H. Lotfalizadeh

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 185-186

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100571

Abstract

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is one of the most important pests of citrus in Iran, through transmitting Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ... Read More The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is one of the most important pests of citrus in Iran, through transmitting Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus the bacterial pathogenic agent of important and destructive disease known as huanglongbing (HLB) or greening. Several samplings were carried out in infected orchards of sweet lemon trees Citrus limetta (Rutaceae) in May 2011 and 2012 at Koshkmor, Jiroft region of Kerman province (N= 28° 19' 54.32" , E= 58° 14' 46.17", 549 m a.s.l.) to collect and identify the dominant parasitoid species for subsequent ethological studies. The reared parasitoid specimens were identified by the fourth author (HL) as Psyllaephagus procerus Mercet, 1921 (Hym.: Encyrtidae), that is a new report from Iran (1, 2). This species is a synonym of Metaprionomitus procerus Mercet, 1921 (3). So far species P. pistaciae Ferrière, P. stenopsyllae (Tachikawa) and P. zdeneki Noyes & Fallahzadeh, have been reported from Iran (1). Body length in females 1.3 mm and in males 1.1 mm; scape 4 to 5 times as long as funicle segments combined; 1st-4th funicular segments longer than broad, 4th and 5th funicular segments quadrate. Legs at least in part darkened (at least coxae of one pair of legs or hind femur are darkened); mid and hind tibiae darkened; marginal vein punctiform or little longer than broad and not less than 2.5 times shorter than stigmal vein; scutellum green or blue-green; gaster not longer or only slightly longer than thorax (4). Fraxinus sp. (Planta: Oleaceae) and Pyrus communis (Planta: Rosaceae) have been reported as host plant for this encyrtid (3). This study let us to add Citrus limetta (Rutaceae) as a new associated host plant for P. procerus. This species is a nymphal parasitoid of Hemiptera. Hosts reported include: Eulecanium ciliatum (Hem.: Coccidae)and Cacopsylla sp., Cacopsylla pyri and Psyllopsis fraxini(Hem.: Psyllidae) (3). This parasitoid has been reported from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Spain, Turkey and Ukraine (3). The specimens were deposited in the collection of Department of Entomology, Vali-e-AsrUniversity of Rafsanjan and East-AzarbaijanResearchCenter for Agriculture and Natural Resources.

New record of Halticoptera polita (Walker, 1834) (Hym.: Pteromalidae) from Iran (short report)

S. Sadeghi; H. Lotfalizadeh

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 187-188

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100572

Abstract

The poplar leaf-miner moth, Phyllonorycter populifoliella (Treitschke) (Lep.: Gracillariidae) is one of the important pests of Populus spp. This pest is widely distributed in Iran with ... Read More

A new record of the family Parasitidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Iran (short report)

N. Mehrzad; M. Masnavipour; Sh. Kazemi; M. Latifi; M. Ziaaddini

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 189-190

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100574

Abstract

The cosmopolitan mites of the family Parasitidae, including more than 400 identified species, are free-living predators that feed on eggs and immature stages of the other soil inhabiting ... Read More The cosmopolitan mites of the family Parasitidae, including more than 400 identified species, are free-living predators that feed on eggs and immature stages of the other soil inhabiting microarthropodes and nematodes (1). The family includes two subfamilies: Pergamasinae and Parasitinae; Pergamasinae often prefers stable habitats such as forests and grasslands litter, moss and rotting seaweed and so far no phoretic association has been reported between them. Members of the subfamily Parasitinae live in temporal habitats such as dung, compost and nests of small mammals and insects which often disperse during deutonymphal stage usually associated with insects (4). The genus Saprogamasus Willmann, 1949 was established by description of S. ambulacralis Willmann, 1949 as its type species and separated from the genus Trachygamasus Berlese, 1905by presence of two small, sclerotized jugular platelets, sternal shield with posterior transverse margin, distinct metasternal shields and the fairly sclerotized body and this was followed by few authors, but the former genus has been considered as junior synonym of the latter by most authors and we follow it (1). Among species of 11 genera of the family Parasitidae reported from Iran, only one species of the genus Trachygamasus as T. gracilis Karg, 1971 has been recorded from rat carcass (2, 3). During a survey on edaphic Mesostigmata in North Western Kerman Province and also mesostigmatic mites associated with Coleoptera in Bam region, T. ambulacralis was collected and identified in soil and litter in Mani region (5 May 2012) and associated with Oryctes elegans Prell in Sekahour region (26 May 2012). This species is similar to T. gracilis and can be distinguished from it by larger body size (700-900 µm), bearing 15-18 pairs of opisthonotal setae, six pairs of pre-anal setae on ventral shield and jugular platelets small and trapezoidal while T. gracilis has smaller body size (400-475 µm), 14-15 pairs of opisthonotal setae, seven pairs of pre-anal setae present on ventral shield and jugular platelets bigger and semicircular. Iranian specimens of T. ambulacralis differ from T. gracilis by presence of two small and trapezoidal jugular platelets, 18 pairs of opisthonotal satae, six pairs of pre-anal setae and the idiosomal length 688-713 µm.

New record of Thysanus ater (Hym.: Signiphoridae) parasitoid of Lepidosaphes malicola Borckh from Iran (short report)

A. Ebrahimi; H. Lotfalizadeh; M. H. Kazemi

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 191-192

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100575

Abstract

The hard scale, Lepidosaphes malicola Borckh (Hem.: Diaspididae) is one of serious pests of orchards in Iran. This pest sucking tree's sap causes physiological problem of trees and ... Read More

Two new records of the genus Antennoseius Berlese (Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from Iran (short report)

Sh. Kazemi; Sh. Yazdanpanah

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 193-196

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100576

Abstract

The free-living predatory ascid mites of the genus Antennoseius Berlese, 1916 includes about 60 described species worldwide and divided into two subgenera Antennoseius (without ambulacra ... Read More The free-living predatory ascid mites of the genus Antennoseius Berlese, 1916 includes about 60 described species worldwide and divided into two subgenera Antennoseius (without ambulacra and claws on leg I) and Vitzthumia Thor, 1930 (with ambulacra and claws on leg I) (1, 4). So far, five species of the genus have been reported from Iran, two of them belong to the subgenus Antennoseius and three of them to Vitzthumia, of which A. (Vitzthumia) kamalii Moraza & Kazemi, 2009 had been new to science (3, 4). During an investigation on edaphic mites of the genus Antennoseius in Tehran and Fars Provinces, three species of the subgenus Antennoseius were collected from soil and litter and identified. Adult female and male specimens of A. (Antennoseius) hispaniensis Bernhard, 1963 were collected in agricultural fields of Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University in Tehran (19 December 2006) by senior author, and adult female specimens of A. (Antennoseius) bacatus Athias-Henriot, 1961 and A. (Antennoseius) maltzevi Eidelberg, 1994 were collected in oak forests in Koohmare-Sorkhi region, Fars Province (5 March 2010) by junior author. Antennoseius (Antennoseius) hispaniensis has been collected in soil and litter and reported before from Spain, former USSR and Japan and A. (Antennoseius) maltzevi associated with carabid beetles from Italy and Ukraine. These species are considered here as new records for Iran mite fauna (1, 2). Differential diagnosis ofadult female of A. (Antennoseius) hispaniensis: Dorsal shields together 640-650μm long, reticulate-granulate. Podonotal and opisthonotal shields with 20 and 15 pairs of setae, respectively, without unpaired setae on opisthonotal shield, dorsal setae slightly widened and dentate, setae j1 wider (31–35 μm), setae z1 shortest (19–22 μm) and Z5 longest (45 μm), other setae sub-equal (30–35 μm) (Fig. 3). Sternal shield with two pairs of setae (st2-st3) and three pairs of lyrifisures, st1 inserted in soft cuticle anterior to shield. Epigynal shield slightly widened, posteriorly convex. Ventrianal shield bearing two pairs of pre-anal setae and three circum-anal setae. Peritrematal-exopodal shields widened and slightly continued around posterior edge of coxae IV. Tectum finely convex, with small denticles (Fig. 1). Movable digit of chelicerae bidentate, fixed digit with about 15 minute denticles, and a small sub-apical tooth. Most of leg setae, especially dorsal setae, barbed; without thick and modified setae on leg segments. Differential diagnosis ofadult female of A. (Antennoseius) maltzevi:Dorsal shields together 600-610 μm long, reticulate-lineate. Podonotal shield with 20 and opisthonotal shield with 15 pairs of setae, unpaired setae on opisthonotal shield absent, eight pairs of podonotal setae (j2-j5, z2-z4, s4) thick, short and blunt, ca. 10 μm long, setae j1 short (13–15 μm) and spine-like, z1 short (10–15 μm) and setiform, other setae needle-like, sub-equal in length, except Z5 as longest setae (ca. 60 μm), Z5 (Fig. 4), S5 and some posterior opisthonotal setae barbed in distal half. Sternal shield bearing two pairs of setae (st1-st2) and three pairs of lyrifissures, posterior margin of shield irregularly concave, setae st3 and st4 inserted on soft cuticle. Epigynal shield narrow, nearly long and rounded posteriorly. Anal shield with three circum-anal setae. Peritrematal-exopodal shields nearly wide, not continued to posterior area of coxae IV. Tectum slightly convex, with minute denticles (Fig. 2). Movable cheliceral digit bidentate, fixed digit with several minute denticles. Most of leg setae smooth, some dorsal setae on trochanter, femur, genu and tibia I thickened.

Boxwood blight caused by Cylindrocladium buxicola in Tonekabon forest (short report)

S. Rezaee; H. Kia-Daliri; K. Sharifi; Y. Ahangaran; S. Hajmansoor

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 197-198

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100577

Abstract

Boxwood (Buxus hyrcana Pojark.) is one of the protected evergreen trees species that distributed as compact colonies in the preserved forests of the Caspian Sea region of Iran. During ... Read More Boxwood (Buxus hyrcana Pojark.) is one of the protected evergreen trees species that distributed as compact colonies in the preserved forests of the Caspian Sea region of Iran. During 2012 summer, blight symptoms and severe defoliation of boxwood trees were seen in two colonies in Lirehsar and Jeesa, in the Tonekabon region (Kia-Daliri, unpublished data). The symptoms were characterized by dark spots on leaves with grayish signs of fungus on their back side, followed by rapid death and defoliation. There were also longitudinal dark streaks on different parts of dying stems of twigs. Die-back symptoms were severe in the lower parts of trees, especially in young ones that defoliated, although new leaves appeared but diseased. Diseased leaves and stems were incubated in a moist chamber at 20-22°C and Cylindrocladium sp.was isolated. For morphological characterization, single conidia isolations were made on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 2% malt extract and carnation leaf agar, and incubated at 25°C (4). Colonies grew slowly. The colony reverse was brown in the center surrounded by a creamy mycelial growth. The colony surface was covered by aerial cottony mycelium Fruiting bodies of the fungus developed after seven days. Conidiophores growing on the surface of carnation leaves were examined under the light microscope. Conidia were produced on hyaline macroconidiophores with stipe (90-180×2-3 μm) terminating in a naviculate vesicle (6-11 μm) and penicillate phyalids arrangement. Conidia were cylindrical, hyaline, with 1-septum, rounded at both ends (45-65×2-3 μm). Based on these characteristics confirm the fungus identified as Cylindrocladium buxicola Henricot & Culham, 2002, syn. Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum Crous, Groenewald & Hill 2002; teleomorph Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Four potted Buxus hyrcana plants were sprayed with an aqueous conidial suspension (105 conidia/ml) (4)to run off and incubated in growth chamber at 80 to 90% relative humidity in the dark at 25°C for 48 h. Control plants were sprayed with sterile water and incubated in the second tier of the same growth chamber. Thereafter, the plants were transferred to greenhouse at alternating 14 h of light and 10 h of darkness at 20-22°C. A week after inoculation the first lesions symptom appeared, leaf blight developed on all inoculated plants within two weeks, but not the controls . Re-isolations yielded the original pathogen. C. buxicola first reported on boxwood in UK in the mid-1990s (2), also during recent years it was reported as the causal agent of boxwood blight from Turkey (4), and Georgia (3). Based on our knowledge this is the first report of disease in Iran that can be a disaster for the protected species.

Effect of artificial diets containing different maize hybrids powdered seeds on digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities and nutritional responses of Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctuidae) (Article in English)

B. NASERI; J. RAZMJOU

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 9-18

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100579

Abstract

Digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities and feeding responses of fifth instar Helicoverpa armigera on different maize hybrids (DC370, SC704, SC700, SC500 and SC260) incorporated ... Read More

Nutritional indices of Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctuidae) on seeds of five host plants (Article in English)

F. BAGHERY; Y. FATHIPOUR; B. NASERI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 19-28

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100581

Abstract

In this study, the nutritional indices of Helicoverpa. armigera larvae on five different host plants including cowpea, chickpea, soybean, navy bean and corn were determined ... Read More

A study of the genus Orthocentrus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) in Gilan and Tehran provinces of Iran, with first records of seven species and one subspecies (Article in English)

A. MOHAMMADI KHORAMABADI; A. A. TALEBI

Volume 80, No. 2 , March 2013, Pages 29-39

https://doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2013.100582

Abstract

In this survey, the genus Orthocentrus Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) was studied in Tehran and Gilan provinces of Iran. A total of 154 specimens of ... Read More

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Volume & Issue: Volume 80, No. 2, March 2013, Pages 103-198

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