با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی/ پژوهشکده خرما و میوه های گرمسیری

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

3 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان

5 مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش

6 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش

7 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

چکیده

شب پره میوه‌خوار خرما، Batrachedra amydraula ، از مهم­ترین آفات میوه نارس خرما می­باشد. در این پژوهش، استاندارد سازی روش نمونه برداری طبقه­ای با هدف انتخاب واحد و تعداد مناسب، همچنین تعیین الگوی پراکنش جمعیت آفت در آشیان اکولوژیکی اختصاصی و برازش مدل نمونه برداری پیاپی روی شش رقم نخل خرمای تجاری در پنج استان خرماخیز کشور بررسی شد. نمونه برداری از اوخراسفند تا اوایل شهریور به فاصله هر 10 روز یک بار تکرار شد. الگوی پراکنش کرم میوه‌خوار خرما با استفاده از شاخص‌های غیرکپه‌ای بودن، قانون تیلور، شاخص میانگین انبوهی، کپه­ای بودن و آیواوو محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که دامنه میانگین تراکم جمعیت از 304/3 (رقم سایر) تا 804/0 (رقم ربی) در 20 عدد میوه متغیر بود. بر اساس قانون نمایی تیلور، پراکنش این آفت در نخلستان تجمعی بود. با افزایش تراکم لارو، اندازه نمونه کاهش یافت. روند کاهش در ارقام مختلف متفاوت بود به‌طوری که در ارقام سایر (75/0) و کبکاب (26/0) به‌ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین تعداد نمونه مشاهد شد. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، روش نمونه­برداری پیاپی اندازة نمونه را نسبت به مدل نمونه­برداری طبقه­ای بین 3 تا 16 برابر کاهش دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial distribution and evaluation sequential sampling model of the lesser moth (Batrachedra amydraula) on six traditional date palm fruit cultivars in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Latifian 1
  • Abdolnabi Bagheri 2
  • Majid Amani 3
  • Mahdi Naseri 4
  • Ebrahim Saboki 5
  • Rahim Khademi 6
  • Hadi Zohdi 7

2 2- Plant Protection Research Department, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)

3 1- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticulture science research institute, Date palm and tropical fruits research center

4 3- Plant Protection Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),

5 1- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticulture science research institute, Date palm and tropical fruits research center, Iranshahr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center

6 1- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticulture science research institute, Date palm and tropical fruits research center,, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center

7 lant Protection Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)

چکیده [English]

Date Palm Lessr Moth Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick, is among the most important pests feeding on date fruits. Here, we studied the standardization of the class-specific sampling method to define the appropriate unit and number as well as to know population distribution pattern of B. amydraula in its specific ecological niches and fitting of continuous sampling model on six date palm cultivars in five provinces. Sampling was repeated in 10 days intervals from late March to early September. Distribution pattern of B. amydraula in the date palm orchards was calculated using indices of mean crowding, Taylor's law, mass average index, patchiness, and Iowa. The results showed that the mean density of B. amydraula varied from 3.304 (Sayer cultivar) to 0.804 (Rabi cultivar) in 20 studied fruits. According to Taylor's law, the distribution of this pest was cumulative. The sample size decreased by increasing density of B. amydraula in date palm orchards. The slope of decrement was different in the various date cultivars so that the lowest and highest number of the samples were observed in Sayer and Kabekab, respectively. By these results we can say that sequential sampling method can decrease sample size by 3 to 16 times compared with the classical sampling model.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Date palm lesser moth
  • population distribution pattern
  • sequential sampling model
ATACHI, P., DANNON, E. A.  ARODOKOUN,Y. D.  and TAMO, M.  2002. Distribution and sampling of Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) (Lep. Pyralidae) larvae on Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir) HB and K. Journal of Applied Entomology, 126: 188–193
BINNS, M.R. NYROP, J. P. and VAN DERWERF, W. 2000. Sampling and monitoring in crop protection: The theoretical basis for developing practical decision guides. CABI Publishing, New York,NY.
BUNTIN, G. D. 1994. Developing a primary sampling program. pp. 99-115 in Pedigo, L. P. Buntin, G. D. (Eds) Handbook of sampling methods for arthropods in agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
BREWER, M.J., and STORY, R.N., 1987. Larval spatial patterns and sequential sampling plan for pickleworm, Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on summer squash. Environmental Entomology. 16: 539–544.
DAMOUS,  P. 2018. Density-invariant dispersion indices and fixed precision sequential sampling plans for the peach twig borer Anarsia lineatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Europian Journal of Entomology, 115: 642–649.
DAVIS, P. M. 1994. Statistics for describing populations, 33-54 p. In: Pedigo LP, Buntin GD (Eds.). Handbook of sampling methods for arthropods in agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
DENT, D. 1991. Insect Pest Management. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
DEPALMA, E., JESKE, D. R., LARA, J. R., HODDLE, M. 2012. Sequential hypothesis testing with spatially correlated presence-absence data. Journal Econnomic Entomology. 105: 1077–1087.
DINARVAND, N., RAJABPOUR, A.  ZANDI SOHANI N.  and FARKHARI, M. . 2019. Effect of weedy culture on population densities, spatial distributions and sampling procedures of Spodoptera exigua and Sesamia cretica (Lep. Noctuidae) in corn fields. Bulletin of  Entomological Research, 109.
ELLIOTT, N. C., GILES, K. L., ROYER, T. A., KINDLER, S. D., TAO, F. L., JONES, D. B. CUPERUS, G. W. 2003. Fixed precision sequential sampling plans for the greenbug and bird cherry-oat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in winter wheat. Journal of Economic Entomology 96, 1585-1593.
FALERIO, J. R., BEN ABDALLAH, A., EL BELLAJ, M., AL-AJLAN, A. M.,  OIHABI, A. 2012. Threat of redpalm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) to date plantations of the Maghreb region in North Africa. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 30, 274–280.
FOWLER, G.W., LYNCH, .A.M. 1987. Sampling plans in insect pest management based on Wald’s sequential probability ratio test. Environmental Entomology. 16:345–354.
GREEN, R. H. 1970. On fixed precision level sequential sampling. Reearch  Population Ecology, 12, 249–251
IWAO S, KUNO, E. 1968. Use of the regression of mean crowding on mean density for estimating sample size and the transformation of data for the analysis of variance. Research Population Ecology. 10:210-214.
KERBS, C. J. 1999. Ecological methodology. 2nd ed. Addison Wesley Longman Inc, New York.
KUNO, E. 1991. Sampling and analysis of insect populations. Annual Review of Entomology. 36:285–304.
LAMP, W. O. SMITH, L. M. 1989. Sampling objectives and problems. Miscellaneous publications of Entomological Society of America. 72:3-9.
LATIFIAN, M.  SOLYMANNEJADIAN, E.. 2002. Study of the lesser moth Batrachedra amydraula (Lep: Batrachedridae) distribution based on geostatistical models in Khuzestan province. Journal of entomological research. 1(1): 43-55.
LATIFIAN, M. ZARE, M. 2003. The forecasting model of The Date Lesser moth (Batrachedra amydraula) based on climatic factors. Journal of Agriculture Science. 2(26): 27-36.
LATIFIAN, M. 2012. The effects of cultural management on the lesser date moth (Batrachedra amydraula Myer) infestation. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 24 , 224–229.
LATIFIAN, M. 2020. Effects of climatic stress on the severity of date palm fuits pests and diseases damages. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science, 51(1), 39-53.
LI, J. X., JESLE, D. R. LARA, J. HODDLE, R. M. 2012. Sequential hypothesis testing with spatially correlated count data. Integration: Mathamtical. Theory Applied. 2: 269–284.
LLOYD, M. 1967. Mean crowding. Journal  Animal Ecology.  36:1-30.
MORISITA, M. 1962. Iδ -index a measure of dispersion of individuals. Research Population Ecology. 4:1-7
NARANJO, S. E., HUTCHINSON, W. D. 1997. Validation of arthropod sampling plans using a resampling approach: Software and analysis. Annual Entomology. 43:48-57
NYROP J.P., BINNS, M.R. 1992. Quantitative Methods for Designing and Analyzing Sampling Programs for Use in Pest Management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
PARK, J. J., PERRING, T. M. 2010. Development of a binomial sampling plan for the carob moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a pest of California dates. Journal of Economic Entomology, 103 –1474-1482.
PEDIGO, L. P. G. D. 1994. Handbook of sampling methods for arthropods in agriculture. CRC Press Florida.
PERRING, T. M., FARRAR, C. A., NAY, J. E. 2005. Carob moth and raisin moth control on dates. Western Region IR4 efficacy program final report (4 pp). Riverside: Department of Entomology, University of California
RADCLIFFE, E. B., HUTCHISON W. D., and CANCELADO R. E. (ed.) 2008. Radcliffe's IPM World Textbook [Online]. University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. Available at: http://ipmworld.umn.edu/ (verified 17 March 2010).
SHAHBI, M., and RAJABPOUR, A.. 2017. A fixed-precision sequential sampling plan for the potato tuber worm moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae), on potato cultivars. Neotropical Entomology, 46: 388–395.
SOUTHWOOD, T. R. E.,  HENDERSON. P. A. 2000. Ecological methods. Third edition. Blackwell Sciences, Oxford.
TAYLOR, L. R. 1961. Aggregation, variance and the mean. Nature 189: 732–735.
WALD, A. 1947. Sequential analysis. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
YOUNG, L. J., YOUNG, J. H. 1998. Statistical ecology: a population perspective. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA.