با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذائی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران

2 دانشیار بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهشکده زیست فناوری صنعت و محیط زیست، پژوهشگاه ملی مهندسی ژنتیک و زیست فناوری، تهران

4 پژوهشگر گروه تنوع زیستی، مؤسسه بوم‌زیستا، ونکوور، کانادا

5 استادیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی و به نژادی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذائی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران

چکیده

بیماری بلایت باکتریایی لوبیا یکی از مخرب ترین بیماری در زراعت‌­های لوبیا در سراسر جهان است. تعداد 105 نمونه از گیاهان وحشی تیره لگومینوز شامل Astragalus ovinus، Vicia villosa و Vicia lutea که فاقد علائم آشکار بیماری بودند از جنگل‌های زاگرس ایران جمع‌آوری و تعداد 36 جدایه باکتریایی جداسازی شدند. بر پایه برخی صفات مانند توانایی حل نمودن فسفات، فعالیت پروتئازی، تولید اکسین و سیانید هیدروژن و نیز قابلیت آنتاگونیستی، سه اندوفیت برتر از بین آن­ها انتخاب و با انجام آزمون­های فنوتیپی و تکثیر ژن 16S rDNA، یک سویه Pseudomonas fluorescens  و دو سویه از گونه های جنسBacillus  شناسائی شدند. هر سه سویه موجب افزایش معنی­دار رشد گیاهان لوبیای آلوده در سطح پنج درصد و کاهش بیش از 70 درصد بیماری گردیدند. این اولین گزارش از وجود و قابلیت­های باکتری­های اندوفیت از گیاهان وحشی لگومینوز در جنگل­های زاگرس ایران می­‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A study on endophytic bacteria isolated from wild legumes against Xanthomonas phaseoli

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shariye Rostami 1
  • Nader Hasanzadeh 2
  • Saeideh Rajaei 3
  • Ali Reza Golnaraghi 4
  • Reza Azizinezhad 5

1 , Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran

3 Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran

4 Researcher, Department of Biodiversity, Boom Zista Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

5 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran

چکیده [English]

Common bacterial blight disease (CBB) of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli (Xp) is considered as one of the most deleterious pathogens for bean production in the world. In this study, 105 samples were collected from asymptomatic wild fabaceous plants, i.e. Astragalus ovinus, Vicia villosa and Vicia lutea, grown in Zagros forests of Iran. The plant samples were cultured on nutrient agar and purified. The isolates were then screened for some important criteria for biological control such as phosphate solubilization, protease activity, IAA and H2S production, and antagonistic effect. Three endophytic bacterial isolates were found as potential biocontrol agents against Xp. Based on key biochemical tests and comparative analysis of the partial 16S rDNA sequences, the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens and two Bacillus species. Under greenhouse conditions, all the three strains significantly increased shoot and root lengths in bean plants at the 5% level (P < 0.05) and decreased disease severity above 70%. This is the first report on the presence and capabilities of endophytic bacteria from wild leguminous plants in the Zagros Mountain steppe forests of Iran.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bean common blight
  • biological control
  • endophytic bacteria
  • wild legumes
  • Zagros Mountain steppe forests
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