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مولتی پارازیتیسم و رقابت بین دو گونه زنبور پارازیتوییدهای تخم سن گندم , Ooencyrtus fecundus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) Ooencyrtus telenomicida

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات وآموزش کشاورزی و منـابع طبیعـی اسـتان تهـران ، سـازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و ترویج کشاورزی،ورامین،

چکیده

زنبورهای Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiljev) و Ooencyrtus fecundus Ferriere & Voegele  (Hym., Encyrtidae) پارازیتوییدهای تخم سن گندم، نیازهای اکولژیک مشابه دارند، لذا طرد رقابتی و حذف هر یک از آن­ها محتمل است، با این حال، در اغلب زیستگاه­ های طبیعی، هم‌زیستی دارند. در این بررسی رقابت مستقیم لاروی در قالب دو آزمایش مولتی‌پارازیتیسم با رهاسازی هم‌زمان تراکم­ های مختلف میزبان و زنبور و رهاسازی یک فرد از هر گونه با فواصل زمانی مختلف بررسی شد. مولتی‌پارازیتیسم با فاصله­ ی سه ساعت تا 10 روز، نشانگر برتری 35/2 برابری O. telenomicida نسبت به O. fecundus بود. مولتی‌پارازیتیسم همزمان بیانگر برتری سه برابری O. telenomicida در تراکم­ های پایین زنبور بود که افزایش تراکم زنبورها به 10 عدد، مزیت گونه‌ی مذکور را تا 15 برابر افزایش داد. بنابراین، جمعیت دوجنسی O. telenomicida به جمعیت ماده­زای O. fecundus برتری دارد و ازدحام، این برتری را تا طرد گونه­ی دوم پیش می­برد، اما در مزرعه‌ چنین تراکم­ هایی از زنبور مورد انتظار نیست. این اطلاعات قابل بسط به جمعیت­ های دوجنسی O. fecundus نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Multiparasitism and competition between Ooencyrtus telenomicida and Ooencyrtus fecundus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) two species of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps egg parasitoids

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahzad Iranipour 1
  • Ehsan Jalal Kor 2
  • Shahriar Asgari 3

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Plant Protection Research Department, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran

چکیده [English]

Ooencyrtus telenomicida Vassiliev and Ooencyrtus fecundus Ferrier & Voegele (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), egg parasitoids of Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) are sympatric and have widely overlapping niches, hence competitive displacement is expected. However, in natural habitats, they peacefully coexist. In this study, direct competition between larvae was investigated by two separate experiments. In the first experiment, multiparasitism was studied by the simultaneous release of an equal number of the two species at different densities of both parasitoid and host. In the second experiment, the sequential release of an inexperienced female of the two species with different time intervals from 3 h to 10 d was investigated. The multiparasitism experiment in 3h to 10 d intervals showed a 2.35-fold advantage of O. telenomicida over telytokous O. fecundus. The simultaneous parasitism by the two species showed a 3-fold advantage of O. telenomicida in lower densities, which it enhanced to 15-fold at higher parasitoid densities. Results revealed the advantage of the bisexual population of O. telenomicida over thelytokous O. fecundus, which in higher densities may also lead to the exclusion, although such densities are seldom expected in nature. Moreover, the results of the competition between the two bisexual populations is still unknown.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • host acceptance
  • natural enemy
  • larval competition
  • Wolbachia
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آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی
دوره 91، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 117
اسفند 1402
صفحه 173-184
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