بهینه‌سازی محیط کشت صنعتی و فرمولاسیون جدایه Bacillus subtilis B2 و مهار سفیدک پودری خیار در گلخانه توسط آن

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

2 2- محقق بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی گلستان، سـازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و تـرویج کشـاورزی، گرگان، ایران.

3 3- دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، اوین، تهران، ایران.

10.22092/jaep.2025.367914.1534

چکیده

در این تحقیق، امکان تولید انبوه و فرمولاسیون جدایه باکتری Bacillus subtilis B2 با قابلیت بیوکنترلی بر روی سفیدک سطحی خیار بررسی شد. برای بهینه­سازی محیط کشت باکتری  B. subtilis، غربالگری منابع کربن و نیتروژن مختلف از نرم افزار® (Design Expert) استفاده شد. براساس نتایج طراحی مرکب مرکزی (central composite) و روش رویه-پاسخ ، غلظت بهینه ملاس چغندر و عصاره ذرت خیسانده (CSL) در محیط کشت برای تولید حداکثر توده سلولی باکتری به‌ترتیب 6-45/4 و 6-82/3 گرم در لیتر بود. بر اساس نتایج بهینه­سازی فاکتور­های محیطی با روش طراحی فاکتوریل کسری، حداکثر توده سلولی باکتری در محیط کشت بهینه با دمای32 درجه سلسیوس، هم‌زن 90 دور در دقیقه، درصد زادمایه 5/3 و اسیدیته 6 حاصل شد. پس از بهینه­سازی محیط کشت، در مجموع 18 فرمولاسیون مختلف پودری خشک با استفاده از مواد حامل و مواد افزودنی مختلف تهیه شد. بیشترین جمعیت سلول زنده باکتری پس از شش ماه نگهداری در دمای 4 و 24 درجه سلسیوس، در فرمولاسیون شماره 3 حاوی تالک، سدیم آلجینات و تری­هالوز، به‌ترتیب با جمعیت 108×9/7 و 107×2/4 سلول زنده در هر گرم فرمولاسیون حاصل شد. ماندگارترین فرمولاسیون حاوی باکتری  B. subtilis برای کنترل سفیدک پودری خیار در گلخانه انتخاب و مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بین درصد کنترل بیماری در تیمار فرمولاسیون جدایه باکتری(42/45 درصد) و قارچ‌کش دومارک( 53/46 درصد) اختلاف معنی­داری وجود نداشت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizations of commercial culture medium of Bacillus subtilis isolate B2 and its formulation for controlling powdery mildew of cucumber at greenhouse

نویسندگان [English]

  • lachin mokhtarnejad 1
  • Samira Shameli 2
  • mohsen farzaneh 3
1 Plant Protection Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran.
2 Plant Protection Research Department, Golestan Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
3 3- Associate professor, Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this research, the possibility of mass production and formulation of bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis B2 with antagonistic activity against powdery mildew of cucumber were investigated. In order to optimize the culture medium, screening of different carbon and nitrogen sources was performed using Design Expert® software. Based on the central composite design, optimal concentration of beet molasses and corn steep liquor (CSL) in the culture medium to produce maximum bacterial cell biomass was 4.45-6 and 3.82-6 g/liter, respectively. Based on the optimization of environment factors, the maximum bacterial biomass was obtained at a temperature of 32 °C, a stirring speed of 90 rpm, 3.5% of inoculums and pH of 6. Subsequent the biomass production, additional research was carried out with the objective of formulation the bacterial isolate. Totally 18 different formulations prepared with different carriers and adjutants. The highest population of B. subtilis B2 produced after six months storage at 4 °C and 24°C in formulation No. 3, containing sodium alginate and trihalose, with 7.9×108 and 4.2×107 CFU per gram of formulation respectively.The best formulation of B. subtilis selected based on the highest shelf life to evaluate the ability of formulations for controling powdery mildew of cucumber under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the B. subtilis formulation and Dumark fungicide reduces the disease severity by 45.42% and 46.53%, respectively which express no significant difference between them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • commercialization
  • cucumber
  • powdery mildew

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 92، شماره 2
اسفند 1403
صفحه 232-248

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