اثرات متقابل تنش خشکی و قارچ میکوریزا بر گیاه باقلا و شته سبز نخودفرنگی Acyrthosiphon pisum

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته

3 گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

10.22092/jaep.2025.367959.1535

چکیده

تنش خشکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیرزیستی و از عمده‌ترین فاکتورهای محیطی محدود کننده رشد و نمو گیاهان و تولید محصولات کشاورزی می‌باشد. استفاده از هم‌زیست‌های مفید مانند قارچ میکوریزا به گیاه در شرایط تنش خشکی کمک می‌کنند. در این پژوهش اثر متقابل سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و قارچ میکوریزا روی دو رقم گیاه باقلا و یکی از آفات مهم آن یعنی شته‌ سبز نخود فرنگی (Acyrthosiphon pisum) مطالعه شد. شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه باقلا و شاخص‌های زیستی و رشد جمعیت شته سبز نخودفرنگی اندازه‌گیری و بررسی شد. نتایج حاصل از آزمایش سال اول نشان دهنده اثر متقابل تنش خشکی با قارچ میکوریزا روی شاخص‌های سطح برگ و وزن ‌تر گیاه و همچنین اثر متقابل سه طرفه بین رقم گیاه، تنش خشکی و قارچ میکوریزا روی شاخص سطح برگ گیاه بود. در آزمایش سال دوم نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه مانند ارتفاع گیاه و تعداد برگ گیاه می‌شود. همچنین تنش خشکی روی شاخص‌های زیستی شته سبز نخودفرنگی مانند بقاء، طول عمر و مرگ و میر اثر منفی داشت و همچنین اثر متقابل دو طرفه تنش خشکی و قارچ میکوریزا روی شاخص بقاء شته اثرگذار بود. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده از این پژوهش می‌توان گفت تنش خشکی شدید اثرات قابل ملاحظه‌ای بر گیاه و شته دارد و می‌تواند بر عملکرد گیاه باقلا و همچنین جمعیت شته سبز نخودفرنگی تأثیر داشته باشد. البته اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و قارچ میکوریزا بر رشد گیاه و همچنین بقاء شته قابل چشم پوشی نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Interactions between drought stress and mycorrhiza fungi on the bean plant and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hem.: Aphididae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Homa Mohseni Sangtabi 1
  • Mohsen Mehrparvar 2
  • Azadeh Habibi 1
  • Seyed Mozaffar Mansouri 3
1 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
2 Graduate University of Advanced Technology
3 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Drought stress is a pivotal abiotic stressor and a key environmental factor constraining plant growth and crop yield. Utilizing beneficial symbionts like mycorrhizal fungi can ameliorate plant resilience under drought conditions. The bean plant holds substantial agricultural importance, which has faced significant threat from the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. This study investigates the interactions between drought stress and mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on bean plant and the pea aphid. We investigated the growth parameters of bean plants, along with the population growth and biological traits of the pea aphid, under the combined effects of drought stress and Mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis. In the first-year experiment, results showed an interactive effect of drought stress with mycorrhizal fungi on leaf area and plant weight indices. In addition, there was a three-way interaction among plant variety, drought stress, and mycorrhizal fungi on plant leaf area index. In the second year, drought stress led to a decrease in plant growth indices such as plant height and number of leaves. Additionally, drought stress negatively impacted the biological parameters of the pea aphid, survival rate, lifespan, and mortality. Also there was a two-way interaction of drought stress and mycorrhizal fungi on the aphid survival rate. These findings suggest that severe drought stress significantly affects both plants and aphids, potentially influencing the performance of the bean plant and the population growth of the pea aphid. The effect of interaction between drought stress and mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and aphid survival was significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Symbiotic fungi
  • plant growth indices
  • plant-insect interactions
  • pest population dynamics
  • survival

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 92، شماره 2
اسفند 1403
صفحه 250-267

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