تعیین برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، بیولوژیکی و ملکولی Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli عامل پژمردگی و زردی گلایول از منطقه محلات

نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فناوری و مدیریت تولید، پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- محلات، ایران

2 پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی ، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.

چکیده

پوسیدگی کورم و زردی فوزاریومی از بیماری­های مهم گلایول است که گسترش زیادی دارد. عامل بیماری قارچ  Fusarium  oxysporum f. sp. gladiloli   می­باشد که باعث باعث پوسیدگی در کورم و زردی برگ و نهایتاً مرگ گیاه گلایول می شود. زردی و پژمردگی فوزاریومی یک بیماری جدی و بسیار ویرانگر محسوب می­شود که باعث 30-70 درصد خسارت در گلایول می­شود. مدیریت بیماری بر اساس روش های زراعی، شیمیایی، بیولوژیکی و استفاده از ارقام مقاوم استوار است. در این بررسی برخی از خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیولوژیکی جدایه­های مختلف این قارچ بررسی شد، همچنین با استفاده از چهار جفت آغازگر عمومی و اختصاصی نسبت به تعیین گونه، فرم اختصاصی و نیز نژاد جدایه­های منتخب اقدام شد. نتایج نشان داد که همه جدایه­ها قادر به ایجاد بیماری روی گلایول رقم اسکار بودند. استفاده از آغازگرهای عمومی ITS و Tef سبب شناسایی جدایه­های قارچ تا سطح زیر گونه شد. استفاده از جفت آغازگر­های FOGA/B و FOGE/F نشان داد که همه جدایه­های مورد بررسی به نژاد2 قارچ تعلق دارند. این نخستین بررسی و تعیین خصوصیات ملکولی جدایه­های FOG از ایران می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of morphological, biological, and molecular characteristics of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli causal agent of gladiolus wilt and yellow disease in Mahallat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Bayat 1
  • Mohammad hossein Azimi 2
1 Department of Technology and production Management, Ornamental Plants Research center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mahallat, Iran.
2 Ornamental Plants Research Center (OPRC), Horticultural Sciences Research Institute (HSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahallat, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Corm rot and Fusarium yellowing are the major disease of gladiolus with widespread prevalence. The causal agent is the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli, which causes corm rot, leaf yellowing, and eventual plant death of gladiolus. Fusarium yellowing and wilt is a severe and highly destructive disease, causing 30–70% yield losses in gladiolus. Disease management relies on integrated strategies, including cultural, chemical, and biological methods, as well as using resistant cultivars. The morphological and biological characteristics of the fungal isolates isolated from the infected plant tissues studied in this research project. Additionally, four pairs of universal and specific primers used to determine species identification, forma specialis and the race of selected isolates. Results demonstrated that all isolates were pathogen on gladiolus cv. Oscar. Universal primers ITS and Tef enabled fungal identification at the subspecies level. Application of primer pairs FOGA/B and FOGE/F revealed that all examined isolates belonged to race 2 of the fungus. This study represents the first molecular characterization and identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli (FOG) isolates from Iran.
 
.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fusarium oxysporum f.sp gladioli
  • gladiolus
  • molecular
  • PCR

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 93، شماره 2
اسفند 1404
صفحه 138-153

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