ارزیابی برخی ژنوتیپ‌های توتون به منظور شناسایی منابع مقاومت به بیماری ساق سیاه توتون در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه.

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی (PHD)، ژنتیک و به نژادی گیاهی، گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری،

2 دانشیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

شبه قارچ Phytophthora nicotianae (= P. parasitica) با ایجاد بیماری ساق سیاه توتون، یکی از عوامل مهم بیماری‌زا در توتون می‌باشد. استفاده از منابع ژنتیکی مقاومت و تولید ارقام مقاوم، مؤثرترین روش کنترل این بیماری می‌باشد. به منظور تعیین مقاومت ژنوتیپ‌ها به این بیماری، 26 ژنوتیپ توتون، شامل 16 هیبرید F1، 8 والد و 2 رقم شاهد (K326, K346) با سه تکرار، در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. مایه‌زنی بوته‌ها، با قراردادن دیسک‌های قارچ عامل بیماری در محل طوقه برخی از گیاهان به طور تصادفی از هر تکرار انجام شد. صفات مورد بررسی در شرایط گلخانه شامل شدت بیماری، دوره کمون و در شرایط مزرعه صفات درصد آلودگی، شاخص بیماری و سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری بودند. از تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش Ward برای گروه‌بندی ارقام استفاده گردید. تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها، نشان دهنده وجود اختلاف معنی‌دار آماری در سطح یک درصد بین ژنوتیپ‌ها در گلخانه و مزرعه بود. ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 18 (Coker 371G) و 8 (Coker 371 G × Coker 347)، با کمترین میزان شاخص ارزیابی بیماری، به عنوان مقاوم ترین رقم در گلخانه و مزرعه انتخاب شد. بر اساس دندروگرام تجزیه خوشه‌ای، ارقام در گلخانه به سه گروه مقاوم، نیمه مقاوم، حساس و در مزرعه به چهار گروه مقاوم، نیمه مقاوم، نیمه حساس، حساس طبقه‌بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of some tobacco genotypes to identify sources of resistance to tobacco black shank disease in the greenhouse and field conditions.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marziyeh shazdehahmadi 1
  • Ghaffar Kiani 2
  • Nadali Bagheri 2
1 PHD. Student of genetic & plant breeding, Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Phytophthora nicotianae (= P. parasitica) is one of the important pathogens in tobacco by causing tobacco black shank. Applying genetic resources to improve resistant varieties is the most effective method to control this disease. In order to determine the resistance of genotypes to this disease, 26 tobacco genotypes, including 16 F1 hybrids, 8 parents, and 2 controls, were evaluated with three replications in greenhouse and field conditions. Inoculation of the plants were done by placing the disease-causing fungus discs at the base of each plant. The traits studied in greenhouse conditions included disease severity, Latent period, and in field, were disease percentage, disease index, and AUDPC. Cluster analysis using Ward's method was used to group the cultivars. Variance analysis indicated that there were statistically significant difference at the 1% level between the genotypes in the greenhouse and the field. Genotypes 18 (Coker 371G) and 8 (Coker 371 G × Coker 347), were selected as the most resistant cultivars in the greenhouse and field. Based on the dendrogram of cluster analysis, the cultivars were classified into three groups: resistant, semi-resistant, and susceptible in the greenhouse, and into four groups: resistant, semi-resistant, semi-susceptible, and susceptible in the field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution
  • tobacco
  • black shank disease
  • inoculation
  • cluster analysis

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 93، شماره 2
اسفند 1404
صفحه 196-212

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