بررسی همه‌گیر شناسی بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا در ارتباط با شاخص‌های آب و هوایی در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش وترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

3 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران

4 گروه علوم زیستی، دانشکده علوم زیستی و پزشکی، دانشگاه هرتفورشایر، هاتفیلد، بریتانیا

چکیده

بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا (Blackleg) که با قارچ  Leptosphaeria maculansدر مزارع کلزای پاییزه ایجاد می‌شود، یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید کلزا در جهان است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی همه‌گیر شناسی این بیماری و ارتباط آن با شرایط آب و هوایی در استان گلستان انجام شد. در هر دو سال زراعی، بیماری در تمامی مناطق مشاهده شد، اما شدت و الگوی گسترش آن به‌طور معنی‌داری بین مناطق و سال‌ها متفاوت بود. در مرحله برگی، بیش‌ترین وقوع و شدت بیماری در سال اول در شهرستان بندرگز و در سال دوم در شهرستان گرگان ثبت شد. تحلیل همبستگی بین متغیرهای آب و هوایی پاییز این سال و شاخص وقوع و شدت نشان داد که متغیرهای آب و هوایی همچون دمای کمینه (TM) و متغیر‌های مربوط به رطوبت نسبی (HA، HM و HX) و تعداد روزهای با بارش سنگین (SRD5) بیش‌ترین همبستگی مثبت را با شدت و وقوع بیماری در پاییز داشتند. در مرحله شانکر ساقه، شهرستان علی‌آباد در هر دو سال بیش‌ترین میزان وقوع و شدت بیماری را به خود اختصاص داد. تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که دمای کمینه ملایم، رطوبت نسبی بالا و بارش‌های سنگین، بیش‌ترین همبستگی مثبت را با شدت و وقوع بیماری داشتند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Epidemiological Study of Blackleg Disease of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) in Relation to Climatic Indices in Golestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soroush Maghsoudloo Nezhad 1
  • Kamran Rahnama 1
  • Mohammad Ali Aghajani 2
  • Hossein Kazemi 3
  • Yongju Huang 4
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Golestan, Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
3 Horticulture Science Department, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
چکیده [English]

Blackleg disease of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), caused by the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans, is one of the major factors limiting canola production worldwide. This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of the disease and its relationship with climatic conditions in Golestan Province, Iran. The results showed that the disease occurred in all regions during both cropping seasons, but its severity and spread patterns are varied significantly among regions and years. During the leaf spot phase, the highest incidence and severity were recorded in the first year in Bandar-e-Gaz and in Gorgan in the second year. In the first year diseases incidence and deases severity were significantly associated with minimum temperature and relative humidity, whereas in the second year, maximum relative humidity and heavy rainfall events emerged as the dominant factors. During the stem canker phase, Aliabad showed the highest levels of disease incidence and severity in both years. Correlation analysis indicated that mild minimum temperatures, high relative humidity, and heavy rainfall wer strongly positively correlated with disease incidence and severity.
.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Blackleg
  • climatic conditions
  • disease incidence
  • disease progress
  • disease severity
  • oilseed rape

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 93، شماره 2
اسفند 1404
صفحه 154-179

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