بررسی کارایی تلفیق روغن امولسیون‌شونده، اسپیروتترامات و صابون حشره‌کش در کنترل شپشک واوی سیب Lepidosaphes malicola (Hem.: Diaspididae)

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

4 سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، بخش حفظ نباتات، یاسوج، ایران.

5 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

شپشک واوی سیب،Lepidosaphes malicola ، از آفات مهم درختان میوه سردسیری به­ویژه درختان سیب است. وجود سپر باعث حفاظت این آفت در برابر آفت­کش‌های شیمیایی می‌شود و همین مسئله کنترل این آفت با روش­های متداول را دشوار می‌کند. در پژوهش حاضر، ارائه برنامه­ مدیریتی برای کنترل مؤثر و کاربردی این آفت مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این تحقیق در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در دو باغ سیب در دهستان‌های دشت‌روم و کاکان استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل روغن امولسیون‌شونده زمستانه ولک®، حشره­کش­اسپیروتترامات (موونتو®) و صابون حشره‌کش پالیزین® بود. تیمار زمستانه روغن امولسیون‌شونده با غلظت 5/1 درصد علیه مرحله زمستان‌گذران آفت مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. اثربخشی این تیمار از طریق مرگ و میر تخم‌های زمستان‌گذران ارزیابی شد. کاربرد روغن زمستانه به ترتیب در مناطق دشتروم و کاکان باعث 6/37 و 8/31 درصد مرگ و میر تخم‌ها شد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین تیمارهای استفاده شده علیه پوره­های نسل اول شپشک واوی سیب نشان داد که مرگ و میر لاروها در اثر کاربرد تیمار صابون حشره­کش 5/1 در هزار به 84 درصد و اسپیروتترامات 75/0 در هزار به 97 درصد رسید. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، بهترین برنامه برای کنترل این آفت کاربرد تیمار زمستانه روغن امولسیون‌شونده با غلظت 5/1 درصد و به دنبال آن کاربرد تیمار اسپیروتترامات 75/0 در هزار علیه پوره­های سن اول نسل اول آن است. عامل کلیدی دیگر در مدیریت تلفیقی موفقیت­آمیز این آفت علاوه بر انتخاب نوع تیمار، زمان مناسب سمپاشی بر اساس خروج  بیش از 50 درصد پوره­های سن اول است.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The efficacy of integrating emulsifiable oil, Spirotetramat and insecticidal soap treatments on control of Armenian comma hard scale, Lepidosaphes malicola (Hem.: Diaspipdidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazanin Doryanizadeh 1
  • Hossein Ranjbar Aghdam 2
  • Amin Sedaratian-Jahromi 3
  • Mehrnoosh Negahban 4
  • Hadi Karimipour Fard 5
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yasouj, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj university, Yasouj, Iran
4 Agricultural Jihad Organization of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Plant protection department, Yasouj, Iran.
5 Plant Protection Research Department, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yasuj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Armenian comma hard scale, Lepidosaphes malicola, is one of the important pests of fruit trees in cold climate regions, especially in apple orchards.  Scale insects are difficult to manage using pesticides alone due to their waxy cover that reduces penetration of pesticides. Therefore, performing a management plan for the effective control of this pest has been considered in this research. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design in two apple orchards of Dashteroom and Kakan regions in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province. The winter treatments included winter emulsifiable oil (Volk®), spirotetramat (Movento®) and insecticidal soap (Palizin®). The 1.5% emulsifiable oil (Volk®) was applied to overwintering stage of this pest. Application of winter oil caused 37.6 and 31.8 percent egg mortality in Dashtroom and Kakan regions, respectively. The mean comparison of the treatments efficacy against the crawles of the first generation showed 84% mortality for 1.5 ml/L insecticidal soap and 97% mortality for 0.75 ml/L spirotetramat.On the basis of the results, it was found that the best program for management of this pest includes winter application of 1.5% emulsifiable oil, followed by spraying of 0.75% spirotetramat against the crawlers of the first generation of this pest. In addition to choosing the type of the treatment, the optimum time to determine spraying time was based on the emergence of more than 50% of crawlers that is also a key factor in successful management of this pest.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Horticultural oil
  • pesticides
  • pest managemen
  • pome fruits

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آفات و بیماری‌ های گیاهی
دوره 93، شماره 2
اسفند 1404
صفحه 222-233

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