با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته‌ی کارشناسی‏ ارشد؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 دانشیار؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

3 دکتری حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز

چکیده

کفشدوزک Hyperaspis polita گزینه توانایی برای کنترل شپشک‌های آرد‌آلود است. به‌منظور تعیین بهترین طعمه برای پرورش انبوه این شکارگر با تغذیه از شپشک‌های آرد‌آلود پنبهPhenacoccus solenopsis  و مرکبات  Planococcus citri در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای بهینه 1±30 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره نوری به تاریکی 14:10) پارامترهای زیستی آن بررسی شد. تجزیه داده‌ها بر اساس جدول زندگی سن- مرحله دوجنسی نشان داد طول دوره تفریخ تخم و طول دوره رشدی لاروها، پیش شفیره و شفیره کفشدوزک با تغذیه از شپشک آرد آلود مرکبات به ترتیب 5.08، 3.62، 2.47، 6.55 روز و با تغذیه ازشپشک آردآلود پنبه به ترتیب 5.18، 3.75، 2.38 و 6.16 روز بود. طول کل دوره پیش از تخم‌ریزی ((TPOP، پیش از تخم‌ریزی حشرات کامل (APOP)، دوره تخم‌ریزی، عمر حشرات بالغ ماده و نر به ترتیب با تغذیه از شپشک آرد آلود مرکبات برابر با 4.36، 32.28، 51.72، 81.89 و 69.84 روز و با تغذیه ازشپشک آردآلود پنبه  برابر با 4.87، 32.39، 45.33، 70.85 و 64.44 روز برآورد شد. ماده‌ها به‌طور میانگین 220.8 تخم با تغذیه از شپشک آرد‌آلود مرکبات و 182.61 تخم با تغذیه از شپشک آردآلود پنبه تولید کردند. مقادیر پارامترهای جدول زندگی شامل نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ)، نرخ خالص تولید مثل (Ro) و طول دوره یک نسل (T) به ترتیب با تغذیه از شپشک آرد‌آلود مرکبات برابر با 0.0783 روز1-، 1.0814 روز1-، 53.35 نتاج، 50.80 روز و با تغذیه از شپشک آردآلود پنبهبرابر با 0.0767 روز1-، 1.0797 روز1-، 43.35 نتاج و 49.14 روز محاسبه شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده هر دو شپشک طعمه برای پرورش انبوه این کفشدوزک مناسب بودند، اما با توجه به سهولت پرورش شپشک آردآلود مرکبات، این شپشک به عنوان بهترین طعمه پیشنهاد میشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biology and life table parameters of Hyperaspis polita feeding on Phenacoccus solenopsis and Planococcus citri under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. NAKHAEI MADIH 1
  • L. RAMEZANI 2
  • S. ZARGHAMI 3
  • N. ZANDI SOHANI 2

2 department of plant protection; faculty of agriculture, ramin agtriculture and natural resources university of Khuzestan

چکیده [English]

The coccinellid Hyperaspis polita Weise is one of the important predators in controlling mealybugs. In this study, biology and life table parameters of H. polita were determined by their feeding on two species of mealybugs, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and Planococcus citri Risso, to idetify the best prey for mass rearing of H. polita under laboratory conditions (optimal tepmerature 30 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 14L:10D). Data analyzing based on the age-stage, two sex life table theory indicated that egg incubation, larval instars, prepupal and pupal stages period were 5.08, 3.62, 2.47, and 6.55±0.07 days feeding on P. citri and 5.18, 3.75, 2.38, and 6.16days feeding on P. solenopsis, respectively. The APOP, TPOP, ovioisition period, female and male longevity, mean number of eggs per female were 4.36, 32.28, 51.72, 81.89, 69.84 days, and 220.8±24.44 eggs on P.citri and 4.87, 32.39, 45.33, 70.85, 64.44 days, and 182.61 eggs on P. solenopsis, respectively. The maximum daily fecundity was 5.5 eggs per day on both of prey. The life table parameters of H. polita including the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), mean generation time (T) were estimated as 0.0783±0.0042 d-1, 1.0814±0.0045 d-1, 53.35±10.06 offsprings, 50.80± 0.81 d on P. citri, and 0.067±0.0045 d-1, 1.0797±0.0047 d-1, 43.35±8.58 offsprings, 49.14±0.80 d on P. solenopsis, respectively. According to our results, H. polita can successfully survive and reproduce on both of mealybugs, thus both of them are suitable for mass production of this predator. But regaring to easily rearing of P.citri in laboratory conditions this species is suggested as the best prey.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • age-stage two-sex life table
  • Hyperaspis polita
  • Phenacoccus solenopsis
  • Planococcus citri
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