با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

نماتدهای ریشه‌گرهی به عنوان انگل اجباری گیاهان دارای پراکنش وسیع در جهان هستند. اعضای این جنس به بیش از 3500 گونه‌ی مختلف از گیاهان آوندی حمله می‌کنند. گونه‌های Streptomyces از جمله باکتری‌های گرم مثبتی هستند که خاصیت نماتدکشی آن‌ها در چندین مورد به اثبات رسیده است. در این تحقیق تأثیر بسترهای غذایی جامد (دانه ارزن و دانة گندم) بر توان اسپوردهی Streptomyces carpaticus UTS49، میزان کلونیزاسیون ریزوسفر گیاهچه گوجه‌فرنگی و توانایی کنترل نماتد ریشه‌گرهی Meloidogyne javanica بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد جدایه S. carpaticus UTS49 قادر به کنترل نماتد ریشه گرهی در شرایط آزمایشگاه بود و بررسی برای امکان انبوه‌سازی آن با مواد ارزان قیمت انجام شد. در این بررسی بهترین بستر غذایی Streptomyces، دانه گندم تعیین شد که این بستر علاوه بر افزایش قدرت کنترلی آنتاگونیست علیه نماتد (71% مرگ‌و‌میر لارو سن دوم و 22/33% کاهش تفریخ تخم)، باعث افزایش رشد گیاه و قدرت کلونیزاسیون ریشه گوجه‌فرنگی توسط باکتری نیز شد. همچنین دانه گندم-استرپتومایسس بر رشد هوایی و ریشه‌دهی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی اثر مثبت داشت. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of some solid nutrient state substrates on sporulation of Streptomyces carpaticus UTS49 and control of Meloidogyne javanica in tomatoes

نویسندگان [English]

  • N. MOHAMMADI FESHARAKI 1
  • K. BEHBOUDI 2
  • R. HEIDARI 2

1 M.Sc. Student of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate professor; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate plant parasites distributed worldwide. The genus almost parasitize about 3500 species of different vascular plants. The gram-positive bacteriaof thegenus Streptomyces have nematicide trait. The effects of millet and grain substrates on the sporulation of Streptomyces carpaticus UTS49, antagonistic ability on Meloidogyne javanica, the growth of tomato seeding and colonization of the rhizosphere were studied. As a result, the antagonists were able to control of root- knot nematode in vitro. Mass production of antagonists conducted with the cheap materials. The result indicated that the best substrate for S. carpaticus was wheat grain. This substrate showed high biocontrol ability against nematode with 71% mortality of the second stage juveniles (J2), reduction of 22/33% of eggs hatching, strong ability of colonization and growth-promotion on tomato. Wheat grain-Streptomyces had a positive effect on shoots and root growth of tomato.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antagonists
  • colonization
  • mass production
  • sporulation
  • wheat grain
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