با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات آفت‌کش‌ها، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه نانوامولسیون حاوی اسانس پونه Mentha longifolia به روش هموژنایزر با فشار بالا تولید و سمیت تنفسی آن در مقایسه با اسانس معمولی پونه روی مراحل مختلف شب‌پره آرد Ephestia kuehniella  بررسی شد. شرایط آزمایشگاهی شامل دمای 1±27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±70 درصد و تاریکی بود. غلظت‌های 111/1-1111/1 و 62/9-92/6 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا از اسانس به ترتیب برای کنترل مرحله لاروی و  تخم به کار رفت. در مورد نانوامولسیون غلظت‌های 122/2-1111/1 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا در آزمایش لاروکشی و غلظت‌های 81/4-114/8 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا در تخم­کشی بررسی شد. مقدار PT50 در غلظت 1111/1 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا برای نانوامولسیون و اسانس در آزمایش لاروکشی به ترتیب برابر 15/18 و 3/69 روز تعیین شد. این مقادیر در غلظت 92/6 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا روی تخم آفت به ترتیب برابر 14/44 و 2/58 روز بود. میزان سمیت نسبی (RMP) نشان­دهنده اختلاف معنی­دار میان مقادیر PT50 اسانس پونه و نانوامولسیون آن روی هر دو مرحله آفت بود. مطابق یافته‌های حاضر نانوامولسیون حاوی اسانس پونه با خاصیت رهایش تدریجی باعث حفظ سمیت تنفسی اسانس و افزایش دوام آن در طولانی مدت شده و می‌تواند به عنوان یک گروه جدید از آفتکش­های دوست­دار محیط زیست در برنامه‌های کنترل آفات در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of durability of Mentha longifolia (Lamiaceae) essential oil and its nanoemulsion against Ephestia kuehniella (Lep.: Pyralidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. LOUNI 1
  • M. NEGAHBAN 2
  • J. SHAKARAMI 3

1 PhD. Student; Department of Plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Pesticide Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO), Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran

چکیده [English]

In this study, the nanoemulsion containing Mentha longifolia essential oil was produced by using high-pressure homogenization method and its fumigant toxicity was compared with ordinary M. longifolia essential oil on different stages of Ephestia kuehniella. Experimental conditions were as follows; 27±1 °C, 70± 5% relative humidity in total darkness. Concentrations of 111.1-1111.1 and 62.9-92.6 µl/l air of oil have been used to control larva and eggs, respectively. Nanoemulsion concentrations were studied at 122.2-1111.1 µl/l air for larvicide experiment and 81.4-114.8 µl/l air for ovicidal stage. PT50 value at 1111.1 µl/l air as a larvicide for nanoemulsion and oil was estimated about 15.18 and 3.69 days, respectively. This value, at 92.6 µl/l air on egg was 14.44 and 2.58 days, respectively. The relative median potency parameter (RMP) showed that there was significant difference between PT50 values of essential oil and its nanoemulsion on both of the two stages of pest. Results showed that nanoemulsion containing M. longifolia oil can release slow properties lead to durability of fumigant toxicity of oil in the long term. Therefore, this new formulation could be considered as a new and ecofriendly biopesticide in pest control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ephestia kuehniella
  • essential oil
  • durability
  • Mentha longifolia
  • Nanoemulsion
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