با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

رفتارهای جستجوگری دشمنان طبیعی مانند شناسایی و پذیرش میزبان به مواد فرار شیمیایی ترشح و متصاعد شده از مجموعه گیاه- میزبان ارتباط دارد. شناسایی چنین ترکیباتی در درک و تفسیر پاسخ‌های رفتاری پارازیتوئیدها نقش مهمی را ایفا می‌نمایند. در مطالعه حاضر، پاسخ‌های بویایی ماده‌های پارازیتوئید Habrobracon hebetor به بوهای مرتبط با میزبان شامل کرم گلوگاه انار، میوه انار و مواد فرار استخراج شده از آن‌ها با روش هوادهی در بویایی‌سنج دوطرفه Y شکل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل لارو سن آخر کرم گلوگاه، فضولات لاروی، انار آلوده به کرم گلوگاه و انار با صدمه مکانیکی، بودند. نتایج نشان داد که لارو سن آخر و فضولات لاروی از بیشترین جلب کنندگی برای پارازیتوئید برخوردار بودند. از نظر مدت زمان سپری شده تا انتخاب یکی از تیمارها توسط زنبور، بین انار ترکیده (مکانیکی) با سایر تیمارها اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت. همچنین در بررسی رایحه‌ی ناشی از ترکیبات استخراج شده از تیمارهای مختلف توسط حلال هگزان، تیمارهای همراه با لارو سن آخر کرم گلوگاه انار، فضولات لارو و انار آلوده اختلاف معنی داری را در جلب زنبور در مقایسه با شاهد (هوای پاک) نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر و اطلاعات تکمیلی در زمینه شناسایی ترکیب (ترکیبات) موثر در جلب زنبور پارازیتوئید امکان افزایش کارایی زنبور در شرایط طبیعی فراهم می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Olfactory responses of parasitoid wasp Habrobracon hebetor to volatile compounds of host insect and pomegranate fruit under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. SHAFAGHI 1
  • S. H. GOLDANSAZ 2
  • A. AVAND FAGHIH 3

1 PhD. Student; Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Foraging natural enemies rely on semiochemicals from a plant-host complex for recognition and acceptance of host, thus, key compounds that mediate behavioral response of parasitoids must be identified. We studied the choice time and olfactory responses of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females to the host odors, the Carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae, pomegranate fruit and extracted hexane associated with them performed by passing a stream of air in a Y-shaped olfactomete. The treatments were last instar larvae of carob moth, its faeces, infested pomegranate and pomegranate with mechanical damages. The results showed that H.hebetorpreferred carob moth larvae and its faeces. There was significant difference of parasitoids choice time between pomegranate with mechanical damages and other treatment. The results of extracted hexane odor indicated that, the odors spread from the larvae, its faeces and infectrd pomegranate exhibited significant differences in wasp attraction, comparewith the clean air. Based on the results and complementary information on detection of the effective attractants of the parasitoid wasps, the efficacy of the wasp can be increased in the field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carob moth
  • Habrobracon hebetor
  • olfactometer
  • Pomegranate
  • semiochemical
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