با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی - باغی

3 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان –بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی محل کار: اصفهان- مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان- ص پ 199- 81785

چکیده

مگس گلرنگAcanthiophilus helianthi  آفت مهم گلرنگ است که می‏تواند عملکرد محصول را تا 25 درصد کاهش دهد. به منظور بررسی واکنش ارقام مختلف گلرنگ به مگس گلرنگ در تاریخ‏های کاشت متفاوت، طی سه سال متوالی (1385 تا 1388) تحقیقی در قالب یک طرح اسپلیت اسپلیت پلات در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی کبوتر آباد اصفهان اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی سمپاشی در دو سطح (سمپاشی شده و سمپاشی نشده)، فاکتور فرعی تاریخ کاشت در 8 سطح (ز 15 اسفند تا 31 خرداد)و فاکتور فرعی رقم در سه سطح ("اراک"، "صفه" و "گلدشت") بود. نمونه برداری در 5 نوبت منطبق بر مراحل رشدی گلرنگ انجام شد. در هر نمونه‏برداری فاکتورهای درصد طبق‏های آلوده، درصد دانه‏های خسارت دیده و تعداد لارو در طبق شمارش شد. نتایج نشان داد که تاریخ های‏ کاشت‏ مورد بررسی از نظر سه فاکتور مذکور با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‏دار دارند. بیشترین و کمترین درصد طبق‏های آلوده به ترتیب در تاریخ های کاشت دیر هنگام (اول تا 31 خرداد) و زود هنگام (15 اسفند تا اول اردیبهشت) ثبت شد. بیشترین و کمترین تعداد لارو در طبق و بالاترین و پایین‏ترین درصد دانه‏های خسارت دیده به ترتیب در آخرین تاریخ کاشت (31 خرداد) و تاریخ های کاشت زود هنگام (15 اسفند تا 15 فروردین) مشاهده شد. ارقام مورد بررسی نیز از نظر سه فاکتور مورد بررسی با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‏دار داشتند. رقم گلدشت بیشترین میزان آلودگی طبق به لارو و بالاترین درصد دانه‏های خسارت دیده را داشت. پیشنهاد می‏شود که برای کنترل مگس گلرنگ در منطقه مورد بررسی از ارقام اراک و صفه در کشت بهاره (تاریخ کاشت‏های 15 اسفند تا 15 فروردین) استفاده شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reaction of different safflower cultivars to safflower capsule fly, Acanthiophilus helianthi in different planting dates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Bagheri 1
  • Mohammad Reza Shahsavari 2
  • Mohammad Reza Nematollahi 3

1 Plant protection Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Iran

2 Scientific member of Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Horticultural-Crop Sciences Research Department

3 Academic staff

چکیده [English]

Safflower capsule fly, Acanthiophilus helianthi is a serious pest on safflower, could reduce crop yield up to 25 %. To study the reaction of different safflower cultivars to safflower capsule fly in different planting dates, an experiment was conducted during three consecutive years (2006-2009) in split-split plot design with three replications, in Kaboutar-Abad research station (Isfahan, Iran). The main plot was spraying in two levels (sprayed and unsprayed), subplot was sowing date in 8 levels (from early March to late June) and sub-sub plot was cultivar in three levels (Arak, Soffe and Goldasht). Sampling was carried out in 5 times, according to the growth stages of safflower. In each sampling, percentage of infested heads, percentage of damaged seeds and number of larvae per head were counted. The results showed significant difference among planting dates for above three factors. The highest and lowest percentage of infested heads were recorded on late (late May to late June) and early planting dates (early March to early May), respectively. The highest and lowest number of larvae per head and the highest and lowest percentages of damaged seeds were observed on last planting date (late June) and early planting dates (early March to early April), respectively. Significant differences were found for the three factors among the studied cultivars. Goldasht cultivar had the highest percentage of infested head and percentage of damaged seeds. In order to control safflower capsule fly in the region, cultivation of Arak and Soffe cultivars in early planting dates (early March to early April) is recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acanthiophilus helianthi
  • capsule
  • cultivar
  • Isfahan
  • safflower
  • safflower fly
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