با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد ، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد ، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 محقق بخش رستنیها، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

س
سیب­زمینی و پیاز در منطقه فریدن استان اصفهان از اهمیت ویژه­ای برخوردار است. بیماری خال سیاه یا آنتراکنوز از بیمارهای مهم این محصولات می­باشد. در این پژوهش، از مزارع سیب­ژمینی و پیاز مشکوک به بیماری خال سیاه مناطق : فریدن، داران، دامنه، چادگان، رزوه و آشجرد استان اصفهان نمونه‌برداری شد. نمونه­ها شامل بافت­های آلوده سیب‌زمینی (طوقه، ساقه، برگ و غده) و پیاز (برگ و فلس) بودند. ویژه‌‌‌گی‌های ریخت‌شناختی، مولکولی و بیماری‌زایی گونه­های جنس Colletotrichum به‌دست آمده بررسی شد. براساس ویژه‌‌‌گی‌های ریخت‌شناختی 170 جدایه مربوط به‌جنس Colletotrichum تشخیص داده شد. 120جدایه گونه  C. coccodesاز سیب­زمینی و 50 جدایه
C. circinansاز پیاز جدا شد. تعداد 35 جدایه از بین 170 جدایه مذکور به‌طور تصادفی انتخاب و محصول حاصل از تکثیر نواحی ITS آنها تعیین توالی شد. علائم بیماری در پیاز سفید پس از گذشت یک ماه از مایه‌زنی با جدایه‌های گونه  C. circinansمشاهده ­شد، اما مایه‌زنی جدایه­های گونه
C. coccodesجدا شده از سیب‌زمینی به بوته­های پیاز موجب بروز هیچ علائمی در آنها نشد. از طرف دیگر، مایه‌زنی جدایه­های گونه. C. coccodes در سیب‌زمینی موجب ایجاد علائم بیماری شد و بیماری‌زایی آن اثبات شد، اما جدایه‌های گونه C. circinansجدا شده از پیاز هیچ علائمی روی گیاه سیب‌زمینی ایجاد نکرد. نتایج حاصل از مایه­زنی تقاطعی این دو گونه روی سیب­زمینی و پیاز می­تواند در کنترل بیماری مؤثر باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphological, molecular and pathogenicity characteristics of Colletotrichum species associated with potato and onion in Isfahan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Ghaderi 1
  • Atefeh Karbasi 2
  • Bahram Sharifnabi 3
  • Ali-Reza Javadi-Estahbanati 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran

2 M. Sc. Graduate , Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

4 Researcher at Botany Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Potato and onion are the most important commercial crops in Iran especially Isfahan province. Anthracnose caused by several species of Colletotrichum spp. In order to identify and determine the possibility of cross contamination among pathogenic species of each host to another host, sampling was carried out from potato and onion fields in Faraydan, Daran, Damaneh, Chadegan and Ashgerd regions from Isfahan province. Morphological characteristics led to 170 isolates of Colletotrichum that 120 isolates belonged to C. coccodes from potato and 50 isolates belonged to C. circinans from onion. 35 isolates of those 170 isolates were selected to amiliphy DNA using specific primers for the ITS-rDNA region and sequencing.Pathogenicity test was conducted in greenhouse conditions. The results indicated the pathogenicity of  C. circinans on onion After 30 days, but  no symptoms were found on potato inoculated by thes isolates, while pathogenicity of  C. coccodes was confirmed on potato after 60 days and no any symptoms was found on onion plants. The results might have used to control anthracnose in potato and onion fields
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Colletotrichum coccodes
  • PotatoColletotrichum coccodes
  • Colletotrichum circinans
  • Potato
  • Onion
  • Cross inoculation
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