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تعیین مقاومت تعدادی از ژنوتیپ‌های گندم نسبت به بیماری پوسیدگی‌های طوقه و ریشه ناشی از گونه‌های و

نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی وصنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات،

2 عضو هیئت علمی موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور

3 هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران

4 گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران، ایران

چکیده

پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه از بیماری‌های مهم غلات مختلف دانه‌ریز به‌خصوص گندم و جو می‌باشد که توسط قارچ‌های خاکزاد
Fusarium culmorum و F. pseudograminearumایجاد می‌شود. کاربرد قارچکش‌ها برای کنترل چنین بیماری‌هایی کافی نبوده و با توجه به ضرر آنها برای محیط زیست و موجودات زنده، توسعه و غربالگری ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم گندم به‌بیماری به‌عنوان روش مدیریتی جایگزین مورد تأکید است. در مطالعه حاضر، 66 ژنوتیپ گندم نان از نظر مقاومت به F. culmorumدر شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه و نسبت ‌به F. pseudograminearum در گلخانه به‌تنهایی و تلفیق هر دو قارچ در گلخانه آزمایش شدند. آزمایش براساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 7 تکرار در گلخانه و طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار در مزرعه انجام شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، 12 ژنوتیپ گندم نان شامل ژنوتیپ‌های C62 (C-87-11) و C61 (C-87-18) و ژنوتیپ‌های (Prostor) C35، (F06580G2-1) C37، (F06659G6-1) C38، (POLOVCHANKA/PEHLIVAN) C43، (McCormick/Trego) C52، (VA01W-(205/TX99D4628) C54، C50 (GA951079-3-5/Neuse)، C34 (Gelibolu)،C53 (AWD99*5725/FL9547) و C58 (BURBOT- 6) در برابر F. culmorum و F. pseudograminearum نسبتاً مقاوم بودند. این ژنوتیپ‌ها برای استفاده در برنامه‌های به نژادی گندم با توجه به سایر خصوصیات زراعی می‌تواند قابل توصیه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of resistance of some wheat genotypes to the crown and root rots caused by Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum

نویسندگان [English]

  • mekameh mahdavi 1
  • Mohammad Razavi 2
  • Hamid reza zamanizadeh 3
  • Saeed Rezaee 4

1 PhD. Student, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture Sciences and Food Industries , Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran

2 Scientific member of Iranain Research Institute of Plant Protection

3 Department of Plant Protection College of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Plant Protection College of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Crown and root rot are important diseases of different small-grain cereals, especially wheat and barley which are caused by soil-borne fungi Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum. For controlling such diseases, application of fungicides is inadequate, and cause hazardous effects for environment and living organisms. As an alternative strategy, screening of resistant wheat genotypes has been emphasised in the recent studies. This research was conducted to evaluate level of resistance of 66 cultivars/advanced lines of bread wheat and durum wheat to F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum isolates in greenhouse and field conditions. These experiments were conducted based on completely randomized design with seven replications in greenhouse and randomized complete block design with 4 replications in field condition. The results showed that, 12 genotypes including C61 (C-87-18) and C62 (C-87-11), C38 (F06659G6-1), C43 (POLOVCHANKA/PEHLIVAN), C52 (McCormick/Trego), C37 (F06580G2-1), C35 (Prostor), C54 (VA01W-205/TX99D4628), C50 (GA951079-3-5/Neuse), C58 (Burbot-6), C53 (AWD99*5725/FL9547) and C34 (Gelibolu) were moderately resistant to F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum isolates. These genotypes have potential to be incorporated into wheat breeding programs.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crown root rot
  • Fusarium
  • genotypes
  • resistance
  • wheat
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آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی
دوره 87، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 109
اسفند 1398
صفحه 265-279
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