با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور

2 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

سن گندم مهم‌ترین آفت مزارع گندم و جو در ایران است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی مقاومت احتمالی به حشره‌کش‌های فنیتروتیون و دلتامترین در سن گندم  Eurygaster integricepsبود. حشرات کامل از مناطق تابستان گذران در ورامین (تحت فشار سم­پاشی) و گنبد (بدون سابقه سم­پاشی) جمع‌آوری ‌شدند. زیست‌سنجی‌ها با استفاده از روش قطره­گذاری در سطح شکمی سن‌های بالغ تابستان‌گذران انجام شد. حشرات تیمار شده در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با دمای 2±25 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد نگهداری شدند. مرگ و میر سن‌ها 24 ساعت پس از تیمار، ثبت شد. بنابر نتایج، مقادیر LD50  فنیتروتیون برای حشرات نر و ماده جمعیت گنبد به‌ترتیب برابر 27/26 و8/26 میکروگرم به ازای هر حشره برآورد شد. این مقادیر برای جمعیت ورامین به ترتیب 135 و 11/157 بودند. مقادیر LD50 حشره‌کش دلتامترین برای حشرات نر و ماده در جمعیت گنبد به‌ترتیب 025/0 و  15/0 میکروگرم به ازای هر حشره و در جمعیت ورامین، به‌ترتیب 47/0 و 75/1 برآورد شدند. با توجه به‌نتایج، حساسیت جمعیت ورامین در برابر هر دو حشره­کش مورد مطالعه کمتر از جمعیت گنبد بود. به‌‌طور کلی، علی­رغم حساسیت بالاتر جمعیت­ها به حشره­کش دلتامترین، میزان مقاومت نسبی به دلتامترین بیشتر از فنیتروتیون بود. نتایج حاصل می‌تواند در مدیریت جمعیت­ سن گندم مؤثر باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the susceptibility of two populations of Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps to Deltamethrin and fenitrothion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Golmohammadi 1
  • Mehdi Dastranj 2

1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection.

2 University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) is the most important pest of wheat and barley in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance probabel levels of summer populations of Sunn pestcollected from Varamin (under the pressure of insecticides) and Gonbad (with no history of insecticide application) regions. Toxicity of the insecticides for the collected adults was measured using a topical bioassay. Treatments were performed under the pronotum with each insecticide in acetone for treatments and acetone alone for the control. The treated insects were maintained in laboratory conditions and mortality was recorded 24 hours after treatment. Fenitrothion LD50 values for Gonbad population males and females were 26.27 and 26.8 ug/insect, respectively. Varamin population LD50 values were also estimated 135 and 157.11 ug/insect for fenitrothion, respectively. LD50 values for deltametrin estimated for males and females of Gonbad population were 0.025 and 0.15 ug/insect. The values were also estimatid 0.47 and 1.75 ug/insect for males and females of Varamin population, respectively. Based on the overall results, Sunn pest showed reduced susceptibility of Varamin population to both insecticides studied. Although the susceptibility to deltamethrin was higher, its resistance ratio was also higher than fenitrothion concerning the probability of resistance development. The results obtained can be useful in Sunn pest control programs.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Insecticide resistance
  • pest control
  • phosphorous insecticides
  • pyrethroids
  • sunn pest
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