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مطالعه‌ ویژگی‌های زیستی زنبور Telenomus acrobates (Hym.: Scelionidae)، پارازیتویید تخم بالتوری Chrysoperla carnea (Neu.: Chrysopidae)

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 هیات علمی/ دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در این تحقیق ویژگی‌های زیستی و رفتاری زنبورTelenomus acrobates Giard
(Hym.: Scelionidae) به عنوان پارازیتویید تخم بالتوریChrysoperla carnea (Steph.)
(Neu.: Chrysopidae) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌ها در اطاق رشد در دمای 1 ± 25 درجه سانتی‌گراد، دورة نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده میانگین طول دوره رشد قبل از بلوغ زنبورهای نر و ماده به ترتیب 027/0 ± 41/11 و 054/0 ± 54/11 روز تعیین شد. طول عمر حشرات کامل زنبور در محیط‌های حاوی غذا، تخم میزبان و غذا و بدون تخم میزبان و غذا در زنبورهای ماده به ترتیب 59/1 ± 92/26، 69/0 ± 75/16 و 05/0 ± 04/1 روز و در زنبورهای نر به ترتیب 27/1 ± 77/12، 62/0 ± 51/6 و 04/0 ± 01/1 روز تعیین شد. آزمایش ترجیح میزبانی مشخص نمود که زنبور پارازیتوئید تخم‌های یک روزه میزبان را ترجیح می‌دهد. واکنش تابعی زنبور نسبت به تراکم‌های مختلف تخم بالتوری از نوع دوم تعیین شد. مقادیر قدرت جستجو و زمان دستیابی به ترتیب 059/0، 675/1 و حداکثر پارازیتیسم 33/14 عدد بدست آمد. پارازیتیسم فصلی تخم‌های بالتوری نیز از خرداد تا شهریور سال 1381 بررسی شد. درصد پارازیتیسم و درصد زنبورهای ماده به کل تخم‌های جمع‌آوری شده به ترتیب 93/52 و 9/64 برآورد گردید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A study on the biological characteristics of Telenomus acrobates (Hym.: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of Chrysoperla carnea (Neu.: Chrysopidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Asghar Talebi
  • Sh. SHAHPOURI ARANI
  • Yaghoub Fathipour 1
  • Saeid Moharramipour 2

1 Tarbiat Modares University

2 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University

چکیده [English]

In this research morphology and some biological and behavioral characteristics of the parasitoid wasp, Telenomus acrobates Giard (Hym.: Scelionidae) as an egg parasitoid of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Neu.: Chrysopidae) were studied. Experiments were conducted in a growth chamber at constant temperature of 25 ± 0.5 ºC and 65 ± 5 % relative humidity with a 16:8 h (L:D) photoperiod. The results indicated that mean developmental time of female and male wasps were 11.54 ± 0.054 and 11.41 ± 0.027 days, respectively. The adult longevity of T. acrobates was 26.92 ± 1.59, 16.75 ± 0.69 and 1.04 ± 0.05 days in female and 12.77 ± 1.27, 6.5 ± 0.62 and 1.01 ± 0.04 day in male in three conditions with food, host egg and food, and without host egg and food respectively. In the host preference experiment, it was found that T. acrobates prefers one and two-day old eggs to three-day old ones. The functional response of T. acrobates was of type II. The handling time and searching efficiency estimated 0.059 and 1.675 respectively and the maximum parasitism showed to be 14.33. The seasonal egg parasitism of C. carnea was studied from May to September 2002. The percentage of parasitism and the percentage of female wasp to the whole collected eggs were 52.93 and 64.9 respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Telenomus acrobates
  • Chrysoperla carnea
  • Functional response
  • Host preference
  • seasonal parasitism
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آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی
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