نوع مقاله : بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی
نویسندگان
1 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوه‏ های معتدله و سردسیری، کرج. ایران.
2 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوه‏های معتدله و سردسیری، کرج،ایران
3 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بخش گیاه‌پزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران.
چکیده
قارچ Diplodia seriata عامل شانکر شاخه و تنه‌ی درختان سیب، می‌تواند با پوسیدگی میوه نیز سبب ایجاد خسارت شود. با توجه به ردیابی بیماری در کلکسیون سیب بومی ایستگاه تحقیقات باغبانی کمال‌شهر- کرج، طی سال‌های 1395 و 1396 حساسیت نسبی 14 ژنوتیپ امیدبخش سیب بومی و همچنین ارقام تجاری گلدن‌دلیشز و فوجی در شرایط آزمایشگاه و باغ در برابر عامل بیماری پوسیدگی سیاه میوه بررسی شد. به این منظور، میوه‌ها 3-2 هفته قبل از زمان برداشت، توسط ریسه‌های جوان قارچ مایه‌زنی شدند. شدت بیماری در باغ براساس میانگین رشد زخم به ازای افزایش هر یک درجه واحد دمای روزانه (mm/degree-day) و در آزمایشگاه براساس میانگین قطر زخم پنج روز پس از مایه‌زنی، تعیین شد. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، ژنوتیپ‌های SSB, TR1 و H1-SH در گروه حساس؛ ژنوتیپ‌های MN8, DO-P-SH, B-K-KH, GO-N3, MD-N2 و T5 به همراه رقم تجاری گلدن‌دلیشز در گروهی با حساسیت متوسط؛ و ژنوتیپ‌های KH2, S-O-G; MN10, SBA و ME6 و رقم فوجی در کلاس حساسیت کم قرارگرفتند. داده‌های این مطالعه همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری را بین شدت بیماری با سفتی بافت میوه نشان داد، اما بین قطر زخم و میزان مواد جامد محلول، رابطه آماری معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Relative susceptibility of fourteen promising local apple genotypes to fruit black rot Diplodia seriata and its relationship with some physicochemical traits
نویسندگان [English]
- Raana Dastjerdi 1
- Sima Damyar 2
- Syamak Hanifeh 3
- Darab Hassani 2
1 Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
2 Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Karaj, Iran
3 Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and training Center, Department of Plant Protection, West Azerbaijan, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Diplodia seriata is the causal agent of apple limb and trunk cankers as well as fruit black rot. Disease was detected in the Iranian apple collection located at horticultural research station of Kamal-shahr, Karaj. Fourteen apple promising genotypes and two commercial cultivars (Golden Delicious and Fuji) were tested in the field and laboratory for their relative susceptibility to the pathogen, during 2016-2017. The fruits were inoculated in the field at 2 to 3 weeks before harvest with fungal mycelia from 11-day-old cultures of PDA medium. In the laboratory, detached fruits were inoculated similarly. Genotypes were classified for susceptibility to the fungus by determining disease severity of attached fruits in the field based on lesion expansion (mm/degree-day), and on detached inoculated fruits in laboratory according to the mean lesion diameter, both 5 days after inoculation. Based on the laboratory and field data, Iranian genotypes were classified into three relative susceptibility groups: most susceptible: TR-1, SSB, and H1-SH; moderately susceptible: MD-N2, GO-N3, B-K-KH, DO-P-SH, MN8, T5 and Golden Delicious; least susceptible: SBA, MN10, S-O-G, KH2, ME6 and Fuji. There was a negative correlation between disease severity and flesh firmness, but total solid soluble (TSS) and les
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Apple
- fruit black rot
- local genotypes
- susceptibility
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