ارزیابی صحرایی جلب کننده‌های غذایی مختلف مگس‌های میوه Bactrocera در باغ گلابی (مقاله انگلیسی)

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar

چکیده

بررسی‌های صحرایی به‌منظور ارزیابی میزان جلب کنندگی پروتئین هیدرولیزات ده درصد، مخمر ترولا ده درصد، مخمر هفت درصد، کازئین پنج درصد و ملاس قند ده درصد روی مگس میوه جنس Bactrocera در باغ­های گلابی انجام شد. جلب­ کننده­های غذایی فوق به‌همراه 200 میلی‌لیتر آب تهیه و به داخل تله ­های طراحی شده، منتقل و در ارتفاع دو متر از سطح زمین در باغ‌های میوه روی درختان مورد نظر نصب شدند. هیچ ترکیب شیمیایی در تله های جلب­کننده­ غذایی استفاده نشد. نسبت جنسی، تعداد حشرات شکار شده گونه­ های
B. zonata و B.dorsalis و تعداد کل حشرات شکار شده مربوط به هر دو گونه به‌طور هفتگی ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که مخمرهفت درصد، ملاس قند و پروتئین هیدرولیزات به‌ترتیب بیشترین شکار از هر دو گونه B. zonata و  B.dorsalis را داشته­ اند. همچنین در بین تمامی تیمارها، مخمر ترولا ده درصد کمترین میزان جلب کنندگی را نشان داده است. بررسی­ های نسبت جنسی نشان داد که تعداد حشرات ماده شکار شده در تمامی تله­های جلب‌کننده غذایی به‌جز ملاس قندی نسبت به حشرات نر بیشتر بوده است. همچنین بیشترین شکار حشرات ماده در تله جلب­کننده غذایی با پروتئین هیدرولیزات ده رصد مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده تله ­های جلب­ کننده غذایی مخمر هفت درصد، ملاس قند و پروتئین هیدرولیزات با توجه به کارایی بالا قابل استفاده در برنامه­ های کنترلی بهره­ برداری هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field evaluation of various food attractants for the fruit fly Bactrocera species in pear orchard

نویسندگان [English]

  • Muhammad Hamayoon Khan
  • Muhammad Salman
  • Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah
Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar
چکیده [English]

Field studies were carried out to evaluate the attractiveness of different food attractants viz. protein hydrolysate 10%, torula yeast 10%, yeast instant 7%, casein 5% and sugar molasses 10% towards the fruit fly, Bactrocera species in pear orchard. Different concentrations of food baits (as mentioned above) were prepared in 200 ml of water and transferred to locally designed traps made up of 1.5 liter cold drink plastic bottles. The traps were hung on fruit trees at a height of about 2 m and at appropriate distance from each other. No insecticide was used in the food attractants. Data were regularly recorded at weekly intervals on the total number of B. zonata or B. dorsalis captured their sex ratio and aggregate population density of both the species. Results showed that yeast instant attracted significantly higher population of B. zonata and B. dorsalis and hence the highest cumulative population of both species followed by treatment of sugar molasses and protein hydrolysate. Among all the treatments, torula yeast was found to be the least preferred attractant for B. zonata and B. dorsalis. Sex ratio (%) of B. zonata and B. dorsalis revealed that all the baits attracted significantly higher number of females than males with highest female percentage in protein hydrolyzate and the lowest in sugar molasses. The results showed that yeast instant, sugar molasses and protein hydrolysate were highly effective and could further be exploited in combination with certain chemicals to enhance their effectiveness and developing a strong fruit fly attractant.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attraction
  • food baited traps
  • population
  • sex ratio
  • trapping

مراجع

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