با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نویسندگان

استاد موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه توان رقابتی ارقام سیب‌زمینی Solanum tuberosum)) در برابر علف‌های‌‌هرز، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1381 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی همدان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل هفت رقم سیب‌زمینی (با تنوع در رسیدن) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و وجین و عدم وجین علف‌های‌هرز در تمام فصل به عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. در آزمایش از پراکنش طبیعی علف‌های‌هرز استفاده گردید. به همین جهت‌ کنار هر کرت تداخل سیب‌زمینی و علف‌هرز یک کرت شاهد علف‌هرز نیز در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین ارقام سیب‌زمینی از نظر توان تحمل و رقابت با علف‌‌های‌هرز تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح 5 درصد آماری وجود داشت. به‌طوری که ارقام نیمه دیررس دیامانت و کاسموس با بیشترین شاخص رقابتی (به ترتیب 2 و 8/1) به ‌عنوان ارقام رقیب، ارقام دیررس و نیمه ‌دیررس مورن و آگریا نیز با شاخص رقابتی تقریباً یکسان (به ترتیب 5/1 و 6/1) به عنوان ارقام نیمه رقیب شناسایی شدند. همچنین رقم نیمه زودرس نویتا با پایین‌ترین شاخص رقابتی (37/0) ضعیف‌ترین رقم بود. در رابطه با توان تحمل رقابت نیز ارقام نیمه دیررس و دیررس متحمل‌تر از ارقام زودرس بودند بطوری که ارقام آگریا، دیامانت، کاسموس (نیمه دیررس) و مورن (دیررس) در گروه متحمل و ارقام مافونا، نویتا و دراگا (نیمه زودرس) در گروه حساس به رقابت با علف‌‌های‌هرز قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of potato varieties competitiveness with weeds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Khaleghi
  • Asadoulah Hejazi
  • Eskandar Zand
  • Azhang Jahedi

چکیده [English]

In order to study the competitiveness of potato varieties against weeds, a field experiment was conducted in 2002 at agricultural research center of Hamedan. The experimental design was split plot in complete randomized blocks with four replications. In main plot, there were seven potato varieties (with variance in reaching), and subplots were divided into two treatments, one, with weeding, another without weeding. In this experiment, weed had natural growth. The results showed that medium-late varieties such as Cosmos and Diamante with the highest Competitive Index (CI) were competitor, Agria and Moren medium-late and lateseason varieties with the same CI were semicompetitor and Novita with the lowest CI was the weakest variety. The analysis of Ability of Withstand Competition (AWC) showed the medium-late and lateseason varieties such as Agria, Cosmos, Diamante and Moren (lateseason) were more tolerant varieties and on the other hand medium-early varieties such as Novita, Draga and Marfona had the lowest AWC so were recognized as sensitive varieties against weeds.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ability to withstand competition
  • competitiveness
  • interference
  • potato
  • weeds
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